linux 格式化 lvm2,lvextend

磁盘信息[root@www ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/hda: 41.1 GB, 41174138880 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5005 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/hda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/dev/hda2 14 1288 10241437+ 83 Linux

/dev/hda3 1289 1925 5116702+ 83 Linux

/dev/hda4 1926 5005 24740100 5 Extended

/dev/hda5 1926 2052 1020096 82 Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/hda6 2053 2235 1469916 8e Linux LVM

/dev/hda7 2236 2418 1469916 8e Linux LVM

/dev/hda8 2419 2601 1469916 8e Linux LVM

/dev/hda9 2602 2784 1469916 8e Linux LVM

LV阶段，逻辑卷操作[root@www ~]# pvscan #有三个 PV 被用去，剩下一个 /dev/hda9 的 PV 沒被用掉！

PV /dev/hda6 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 1.39 GB free]

PV /dev/hda7 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 1.39 GB free]

PV /dev/hda8 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 1.39 GB free]

PV /dev/hda9 lvm2 [1.40 GB]

Total: 4 [5.57 GB] / in use: 3 [4.17 GB] / in no VG: 1 [1.40 GB]

[root@www ~]# vgdisplay # 最后那三行指的就是 PE 能够使用的情況！由于尚未切出 LV，因此所有的 PE均可自由使用。

--- Volume group ---

VG Name vbirdvg

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 3

Metadata Sequence No 1

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 0

Open LV 0

Max PV 0

Cur PV 3

Act PV 3

VG Size 4.17 GB #整个 VG 容量就这么大

PE Size 16.00 MB #內部每个 PE 的大小

Total PE 267 #总共的 PE 数量！

Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0

Free PE / Size 267 / 4.17 GB

VG UUID 4VU5Jr-gwOq-jkga-sUPx-vWPu-PmYm-dZH9EO

[root@www ~]# lvcreate -l 267 -n vbirdlv vbirdvg #将整个 vbirdvg 通通分配給 vbirdlv 啊，要注意， PE 共有 267 个

Logical volume "vbirdlv" created

[root@www ~]# ll /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 27 Mar 11 16:49 /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv -> /dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdlv # 看见了沒有啊！这就是我们最重要的一步

[root@www ~]# lvdisplay

--- Logical volume ---

LV Name /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv #LV逻辑卷的名字

VG Name vbirdvg

LV UUID 8vFOPG-Jrw0-Runh-ug24-t2j7-i3nA-rPEyq0

LV Write Access read/write

LV Status available

# open 0

LV Size 5.56 GB #LV的大小

Current LE 356

Segments 4

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:0

格式化逻辑卷，并且挂载[root@www ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv #格式化

[root@www ~]# mkdir /mnt/lvm

[root@www ~]# mount /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv /mnt/lvm #挂载目录

[root@www ~]# df

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/hda2 9920624 3858984 5549572 42% /

/dev/hda3 4956316 1056996 3643488 23% /home

/dev/hda1 101086 21408 74459 23% /boot

tmpfs 371332 0 371332 0% /dev/shm

/dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdlv

5741020 142592 5306796 3% /mnt/lvm

增加 LV 容量[root@www ~]# fdisk -l

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

....(中间省略)....

/dev/hda10 2785 3150 2939863+ 8e Linux LVM #增加一下lvm /dev/hda10

[root@www ~]# pvcreate /dev/hda10 建立新的 PV

Physical volume "/dev/hda10" successfully created

[root@www ~]# pvscan #查看PG物理卷

PV /dev/hda6 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 0 free]

PV /dev/hda7 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 0 free]

PV /dev/hda8 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 0 free]

PV /dev/hda9 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 0 free]

PV /dev/hda10 lvm2 [2.80 GB] # 可以看到 /dev/hda10 是新加入，尚未使用

Total: 5 [8.37 GB] / in use: 4 [5.56 GB] / in no VG: 1 [2.80 GB]

[root@www ~]# vgextend vbirdvg /dev/hda10 #加大 VG ，利用 vgextend 功能

Volume group "vbirdvg" successfully extended

[root@www ~]# vgdisplay #查看VG逻辑卷组

--- Volume group ---

VG Name vbirdvg

System ID

Format lvm2

Metadata Areas 5

Metadata Sequence No 4

VG Access read/write

VG Status resizable

MAX LV 0

Cur LV 1

Open LV 1

Max PV 0

Cur PV 5

Act PV 5

VG Size 8.36 GB

PE Size 16.00 MB

Total PE 535

Alloc PE / Size 356 / 5.56 GB

Free PE / Size 179 / 2.80 GB

VG UUID 4VU5Jr-gwOq-jkga-sUPx-vWPu-PmYm-dZH9EO

[root@www ~]# lvresize -l +179 /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv #利用 lvresize 的功能來增加LV

Extending logical volume vbirdlv to 8.36 GB

Logical volume vbirdlv successfully resized

[root@www ~]# lvdisplay #显示LV逻辑卷

--- Logical volume ---

LV Name /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv

VG Name vbirdvg

LV UUID 8vFOPG-Jrw0-Runh-ug24-t2j7-i3nA-rPEyq0

LV Write Access read/write

LV Status available

# open 1

LV Size 8.36 GB

Current LE 535

Segments 5

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:0

[root@www ~]# df /mnt/lvm #查看大小

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdlv

5741020 261212 5188176 5% /mnt/lvm

[root@www ~]# resize2fs /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv #LV分区重设大小

resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Filesystem at /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv is mounted on /mnt/lvm; on-line resizing

Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv to 2191360 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv is now 2191360 blocks long.

减小 LV 容量[root@www ~]# umount /mnt/lvm #取消挂载

[root@www ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv #磁盘检测

e2fsck 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Pass 5: Checking group summary information

/dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv: 2438/1087008 files (0.1% non-contiguous),

[root@www ~]# resize2fs /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv 6900M #重设大小

resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv to 1766400 (4k) blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv is now 1766400 blocks long.

[root@www ~]# mount /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv /mnt/lvm #挂载LVM

[root@www ~]# df /mnt/lvm

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdlv

6955584 262632 6410328 4% /mnt/lvm

[root@www ~]# lvresize -l -89 /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv #降低 LV 的容量

WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 6.97 GB

THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)

Do you really want to reduce vbirdlv? [y/n]: y

Reducing logical volume vbirdlv to 6.97 GB

Logical volume vbirdlv successfully resized

[root@www ~]# lvdisplay #查看lv逻辑卷信息

--- Logical volume ---

LV Name /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv

VG Name vbirdvg

LV UUID 8vFOPG-Jrw0-Runh-ug24-t2j7-i3nA-rPEyq0

LV Write Access read/write

LV Status available

# open 1

LV Size 6.97 GB

Current LE 446

Segments 5

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:0

[root@www ~]# pvdisplay #先确认 /dev/hda6 是否將 PE 都移除了

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/hda6

VG Name vbirdvg

PV Size 1.40 GB / not usable 11.46 MB

Allocatable yes (but full)

PE Size (KByte) 16384

Total PE 89

Free PE 0

Allocated PE 89

PV UUID Z13Jk5-RCls-UJ8B-HzDa-Gesn-atku-rf2biN

....(中間省略)....

--- Physical volume ---

PV Name /dev/hda10

VG Name vbirdvg

PV Size 2.80 GB / not usable 6.96 MB

Allocatable yes

PE Size (KByte) 16384

Total PE 179

Free PE 89

Allocated PE 90

PV UUID 7MfcG7-y9or-0Jmb-H7RO-5Pa5-D3qB-G426Vq

[root@www ~]# pvmove /dev/hda6 /dev/hda10 #將 /dev/hda6 內的 PE 移动到 /dev/hda10

[root@www ~]# vgreduce vbirdvg /dev/hda6 #將 /dev/hda6从vbirdvg 移出

Removed "/dev/hda6" from volume group "vbirdvg"

[root@www ~]# pvscan

PV /dev/hda7 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 0 free]

PV /dev/hda8 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 0 free]

PV /dev/hda9 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [1.39 GB / 0 free]

PV /dev/hda10 VG vbirdvg lvm2 [2.80 GB / 0 free]

PV /dev/hda6 lvm2 [1.40 GB]

Total: 5 [8.37 GB] / in use: 4 [6.97 GB] / in no VG: 1 [1.40 GB]

[root@www ~]# pvremove /dev/hda6 #移出物理卷hda6

Labels on physical volume "/dev/hda6" successfully wiped

快照区的建立[root@www ~]# vgdisplay #查看VG容量

--- Volume group ---

VG Name vbirdvg

....(其他省略)....

VG Size 6.97 GB

PE Size 16.00 MB

Total PE 446

Alloc PE / Size 446 / 6.97 GB

Free PE / Size 0 / 0

[root@www ~]# pvcreate /dev/hda6 #创建PV物理卷

Physical volume "/dev/hda6" successfully created

[root@www ~]# vgextend vbirdvg /dev/hda6 #将刚刚移除的 /dev/hda6 加入這個 VG

Volume group "vbirdvg" successfully extended

[root@www ~]# vgdisplay #查看VG

--- Volume group ---

VG Name vbirdvg

....(其他省略)....

VG Size 8.36 GB

PE Size 16.00 MB

Total PE 535

Alloc PE / Size 446 / 6.97 GB

Free PE / Size 89 / 1.39 GB #多出了 89 个 可用PE

[root@www ~]# lvcreate -l 60 -s -n vbirdss /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv #利用 lvcreate 建立系统快照区，命名为vbirdss，且经于 60 个 PE

Logical volume "vbirdss" created

[root@www ~]# lvdisplay

--- Logical volume ---

LV Name /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdss

VG Name vbirdvg

LV UUID K2tJ5E-e9mI-89Gw-hKFd-4tRU-tRKF-oeB03a

LV Write Access read/write

LV snapshot status active destination for /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdlv

LV Status available

# open 0

LV Size 6.97 GB #原LV的大小

Current LE 446

COW-table size 960.00 MB #新建快照区的实际大小

COW-table LE 60 #快照区占有的PE

Allocated to snapshot 0.00%

Snapshot chunk size 4.00 KB

Segments 1

Allocation inherit

Read ahead sectors auto

- currently set to 256

Block device 253:1

[root@www ~]# mkdir /mnt/snapshot

[root@www ~]# mount /dev/vbirdvg/vbirdss /mnt/snapshot

[root@www ~]# df

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/dev/hda2 9920624 3859032 5549524 42% /

/dev/hda3 4956316 1056996 3643488 23% /home

/dev/hda1 101086 21408 74459 23% /boot

tmpfs 371332 0 371332 0% /dev/shm

/dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdlv

6955584 262632 6410328 4% /mnt/lvm #二个一样

/dev/mapper/vbirdvg-vbirdss

6955584 262632 6410328 4% /mnt/snapshot #二个一样