html用ajax做三级联动,如何利用Ajax实现地区三级联动详解

前言：

利用Ajax来实现一个地区的三级联动，用Java代码来读json文件，先eclipse做一个简单的，最基础的。(json我用的jackson来解析，也可用fastjson-阿里巴巴的等还有很多)提供代码，思路之类的，注释也没有自己去想去琢磨出来的思路好

first：首先先要熟悉json文件，并要想好利用什么类型去解析，这是最难的，最好找一个没人的地方戴上耳机(对于初学)我是用maven来做的用到的jar坐标 ：

redis.clients

jedis

2.9.0

compile

javax.servlet

javax.servlet-api

3.1.0

provided

com.fasterxml.jackson.core

jackson-databind

2.11.2

文件位置：

second：首先创建一个html文件 three.html

加了一个字体居中和大小的样式以至于不会太难看，太原生

首先来实现–省--的局部刷新，利用Ajax

$(function(){

$.post("province",function(data){

$.each(data,function(){

$("#province").append(""+this.name+"");

})

},"json")

})

然后来写对应的ProvinceController.class的代码(主要是逻辑，为什么我要用List>类型)

package com.daben.controller;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

@WebServlet("/province")

public class ProvinceController extends HttpServlet{

private static final long serialVersionUID = -6513954606070061277L;

@Override

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

this.doPost(req, resp);

}

@Override

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

resp.setContentType("appliaction/json;charset=utf-8");//可加可不加，json可在前端标注也可在后端 看自己习惯 我前后都加了

ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper(); //jackson核心类

String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/city_code.json");//利用servletContext(也有叫appliaction)来拿到文件的真实路径，也可以利用加载器拿都一样

FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(path);//流

List> province = om.readValue(fi, new TypeReference>>() {});//jackson解析的方法，为什么是这个方法，百度学的 利用TypeReference可解析你想要得到的类型

List> list = new ArrayList<>();

Iterator> iterator = province.iterator();//我用的迭代器遍历的 foreach等 也可以

while(iterator.hasNext()) {

Map map2 = iterator.next();

map2.remove("city");//可写也可不写

list.add(map2);

}

om.writeValue(resp.getWriter(), list);

}

}

在three.html添加改变事件

代码比较简单，就是跟简单的清空 赋值 取值

$("#province").on("change", function(){

let code = $(this).find(":selected").val();

$.post("city",{"code":code}, function(data){

$("#city").empty();

$("#city").append("---市---");

$.each(data, function(){

$("#city").append(""+this.name+"");

})

},"json");

});

再写对应的CityController.class(代码类似)我为什么还会强转List>类型

package com.daben.controller;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

@WebServlet("/city")

public class CityController extends HttpServlet{

private static final long serialVersionUID = -6513954606070061277L;

@Override

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

this.doPost(req, resp);

}

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

@Override

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

resp.setContentType("appliaction/json;charset=utf-8");

String code = req.getParameter("code");

req.getSession().setAttribute("cityCode", code);

ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();

String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/city_code.json");

FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(path);

List> province = om.readValue(fi, new TypeReference>>() {});

List> list = new ArrayList<>();

Iterator> iterator = province.iterator();

while(iterator.hasNext()) {

Map map2 = iterator.next();

if(map2.get("code").equals(code)) {

map2.remove("code");

map2.remove("name");

list=(List>) map2.get("city");

break;

}

}

List> list1 = new ArrayList<>();

Iterator> iterator2 = list.iterator();

while(iterator2.hasNext()) {

Map next = iterator2.next();

next.remove("area");

list1.add(next);

}

om.writeValue(resp.getWriter(), list1);

}

}

不懂的话，可以先看一看city_code.json文件，多想一想

继续来three.html

$("#city").on("change", function(){

let code = $(this).find(":selected").val();

$.post("village",{"code":code}, function(data){

$("#village").empty();

$("#village").append("---县---");

$.each(data, function(){

$("#village").append(""+this.name+"");

})

},"json");

代码雷同以至于VillageController.class也是雷同，加了一些判断而已多了一个循环，

package com.daben.controller;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

@WebServlet("/village")

public class VillageController extends HttpServlet{

private static final long serialVersionUID = -6513954606070061277L;

@Override

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

this.doPost(req, resp);

}

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

@Override

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

resp.setContentType("appliaction/json;charset=utf-8");

String code = req.getParameter("code");

String cityCode = (String)req.getSession().getAttribute("cityCode");

ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();

String path = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/city_code.json");

FileInputStream fi = new FileInputStream(path);

List> province = om.readValue(fi, new TypeReference>>() {});

List> list = new ArrayList<>();

Iterator> iterator = province.iterator();

while(iterator.hasNext()) {

Map map2 = iterator.next();

if(map2.get("code").equals(cityCode)) {

map2.remove("code");

map2.remove("name");

list=(List>) map2.get("city");

break;

}

}

List> list1 = new ArrayList<>();

Iterator> iterator2 = list.iterator();

while(iterator2.hasNext()) {

Map next = iterator2.next();

if(next.get("code").equals(code)) {

next.remove("code");

next.remove("name");

list1 = (List>)next.get("area");

}

}

om.writeValue(resp.getWriter(), list1);

}

}

完结：只提供了代码，但是为什么这样何不自己去想一想？

json地区文件下载：

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思考？可不可以用xml文件来代替json文件？将jackson换成jsoup来解析？

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