matlab做pca程序,PCA 程序代码 matlab版

1.eigenface_example.m(主程序)

% load function files from subfolders aswell

addpath (genpath ('.'));

% load data

[X y width height names] =

read_images('E:/faces_rec/orl_faces');

% compute a model

eigenface = eigenfaces(X,y,100)

% plot the first (atmost) 16 eigenfaces

figure;

title('Eigenfaces (AT&T Facedatabase)');

hold on;

for i=1:min(16, size(eigenface.W,2))

subplot(4,4,i);

eigenface.W(:,i)

comp =

cvtGray(eigenface.W(:,i), width, height)

imshow(comp);

colormap(jet(256));

title(sprintf('Eigenface #%i', i));

end

%% 2D plot of projection (first three classes, add those you

want)

figure; hold on;

for i = findclasses(eigenface.y, [1,2,3])

% LineSpec: red dots 'r.'

plot3(eigenface.P(1,i), eigenface.P(2,i),

eigenface.P(3,i),'r.'), view(45,-45);

text(eigenface.P(1,i),

eigenface.P(2,i),eigenface.P(3,i), num2str(eigenface.y(i)));

end

pause;

以下为各部分子程序：

function model = eigenfaces(X, y, num_components)

%% Performs a PCA on X and

stores num_components principal components.

%%

%% Args:

%% X [dim x

num_data] input data

%% y [1 x

num_data] classes

%% num_components

[int] components to keep

%%

%% Out:

%% model

[struct] learned model

%% .name

[char] name

%% .mu

[dim x 1] sample mean of X

%% .num_components

[int] number of components in this model

%% .W

[dim x num_components] components identified by PCA

%% .P

[num_components x num_data] projection of X

%%

%% Example:

%% m_eigenface

= eigenfaces(X, y, 100)

if(nargin < 3)

num_components=size(X,2)-1;

end

% perform pca

Pca = pca(X,y,num_components);

% build model

model.name = 'eigenfaces';

model.W = Pca.W;

model.num_components = num_components;

model.mu = Pca.mu;

% project data

model.P = model.W'*(X - repmat(Pca.mu, 1,

size(X,2)));

% store classes

model.y = y;

end

function G = cvtGray(I, width, height)

%% Returns a greyscaled representation G of

I.

%%

%% Args:

%% I: Array with width*height

elements.

%% width: Width of G.

%% height: Height of G

%%

%% Returns:

%% Greyscaled (intensity 0-255)

and reshaped image I.

%%

%% Example:

%%  cvtGray(I, 200, 100)

%%

G = reshape(normalize(I, 0, 255), height,

width);

G = uint8(G);

end

function N = normalize(I, l, h)

minI = min(I);

maxI = max(I);

%% Normalize to [0...1].

N = I - minI;

N = N ./ (maxI - minI);

%% Scale to [low...high].

N = N .* (h-l);

N = N + l;

end

function [X y width height names] = read_images(path)

%% Read images from a given path and return the

Imagematrix X.

%%

%% Returns:

%% X [numDim x numSamples]

Array with images given in columns -- [X1,X2,...,Xn]

%% y [1 x numSamples] Classes

corresponding to images of X. -- [y1,y2,...,yn]

%% width [int] width of the

images

%% height [int] height of the

images

%% names [cell array] folder

name of each class, so names{1} is the name of class 1

%%

%% Example:

%%  [X y width height names] =

read_images("./data/yalefaces")

%%

folder = list_files(path);

X = [];

y = [];

names = {};

n = 1;

for i=1:length(folder)

subject = folder{i};

images = list_files([path,

filesep, subject]);%filesep 表示Directory separator for current

platform,images

if(length(images) == 0)

continue; %%

dismiss files or empty folder

end

added = 0;

names{n} = subject;

%% build image matrix and class

vector

for j=1:length(images)

%% absolute

path

filename =

[path, filesep, subject, filesep, images{j}];

%% Octave

crashes on reading non image files (uncomment this to be a bit more

robust)

%extension =

strsplit(images{j}, "."){end};

%if(~any(strcmpi(extension,

{"bmp", "gif", "jpg", "jpeg", "png", "tiff"})))

% continue;

%endif

% Quite a

pythonic way to handle failure.... May blow you up just like the

above.

try

T

= double(imread(filename));

catch

lerr

= lasterror;

fprintf(1,'Cannot

read image %s', filename)

end

[height width

channels] = size(T);

% greyscale

the image if we have 3 channels

if(channels

== 3)

T

= (T(:,:,1) + T(:,:,2) + T(:,:,3)) / 3;

end

%% finally

try to append data

try

X

= [X, reshape(T,width*height,1)];

y

= [y, n]

added

= added + 1;

catch

lerr

= lasterror;

fprintf(1,'Image

cannot be added to the Array. Wrong image size?\n')

end

end

% only increment class if

images were actually added!

if ~(added == 0)

n = n +

1;

end

end

end

function L = list_files(path)

%% List all files in a folder and return it as a

cell array.

%%

%% Args:

%% path: Path to list files

from.

%%

%% Returns:

%% L: Cell array with files in

this folder.

%%

%% Example:

%%  L =

list_files("./data/yalefaces")

%%返回的结果

Columns 1 through 14

% 'README' 'at.txt' 's1' 's10' 's11' 's12' 's13' 's14' 's15' 's16' 's17' 's18' 's19' 's2'

% 's20' 's21' 's22' 's23' 's24' 's25' 's26' 's27' 's28' 's29' 's3' 's30' 's31' 's32' 's33'

% 's34' 's35' 's36' 's37' 's38' 's39' 's4' 's40' 's5' 's6' 's7' 's8' 's9'

L = dir(path);

L = L(3:length(L));

L = struct2cell(L);

L = L(1,:);

end

function idx = findclasses(y, list_of_classes)

min_class = min(y);

max_class = max(y);

idx = [];

for i = list_of_classes

if((i >=

min_class) || (i <= max_class))

idx = [idx,

find(y == i)];

end

end

end

function model = pca(X, y, num_components)

%% Performs a PCA on X and

stores num_components principal components.

%%

%% Args:

%% X [dim x

num_data] Input

%% y [1 x

num_data] Classes

%% num_components

[int] Number of components to use.

%%

%% Out:

%% model

[struct] learned model

%% .name

[char] name of this model

%% .W

[dim x num_components] components identified by PCA

%% .num_components

[int] mumber of components used in this model.

%% .mu

[dim x 1] sample mean of X

%%

%% Example:

%% pca(X, y,

struct('num_components',100))

%%

if(nargin < 3)

num_components=size(X,2)-1;

end

% center data

mu = mean(X,2);

X = X - repmat(mu, 1, size(X,2));

% svd on centered data == pca

[E,D,V] = svd(X ,'econ');

% build model

model.name = 'pca';

model.W = E(:,1:num_components);

model.num_components = num_components;

model.mu = mu;

end