我将现实生活中的问题减少到以下测试用例:
DROP TABLE test_users;
CREATE TABLE test_users (
user_id INTEGER,username VARCHAR2(32),first_name VARCHAR2(40),last_name VARCHAR2(40)
);
ALTER TABLE test_users ADD
(
CONSTRAINT test_users_pk
PRIMARY KEY (user_id)
USING INDEX
)
/
ALTER TABLE test_users ADD
(
CONSTRAINT test_users_uq
UNIQUE (username)
USING INDEX
)
/
INSERT INTO test_users VALUES (1,'A','Sneezy','Timon');
INSERT INTO test_users VALUES (2,'B','Dopey','Simba');
INSERT INTO test_users VALUES (3,'C','Happy','Nala');
INSERT INTO test_users VALUES (4,'D','Grumpy','Pumbaa');
COMMIT;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION test_function RETURN test_users.user_id%TYPE IS
identifier VARCHAR2(32);
user_id users.user_id%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT sys_context('userenv','client_identifier') INTO identifier FROM dual;
SELECT user_id INTO user_id FROM test_users WHERE upper(username) = upper(identifier);
dbms_output.put_line('TEST_FUNCTION called!');
RETURN user_id;
END test_function;
-- Testing with disabled result cache
ALTER TABLE test_users RESULT_CACHE (MODE DEFAULT);
DECLARE
f users.first_name%TYPE;
last_name users.last_name%TYPE;
identifier VARCHAR2(32);
l_user_id users.user_id%type;
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('setting the session identifier to A (Sneezy,Timon):');
dbms_session.set_identifier('A');
l_user_id := test_function();
dbms_output.put_line('function call in WHERE criteria:');
SELECT first_name,last_name INTO f,last_name FROM test_users WHERE user_id = test_function();
dbms_output.put_line(f || ' ' || last_name);
dbms_output.put_line('variable use in WHERE criteria:');
SELECT first_name,last_name FROM test_users WHERE user_id = l_user_id;
dbms_output.put_line(f || ' ' || last_name);
dbms_output.put_line('----');
dbms_output.put_line('setting the session identifier to B (Dopey Simba):');
dbms_session.set_identifier('B');
l_user_id := test_function();
dbms_output.put_line('function call in WHERE criteria:');
SELECT first_name,last_name FROM test_users WHERE user_id = l_user_id;
dbms_output.put_line(f || ' ' || last_name);
END;
/
-- Testing with enabled result cache
ALTER TABLE test_users RESULT_CACHE (MODE FORCE);
DECLARE
f users.first_name%TYPE;
last_name users.last_name%TYPE;
identifier VARCHAR2(32);
l_user_id users.user_id%type;
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('setting the session identifier to A (Sneezy,last_name FROM test_users WHERE user_id = l_user_id;
dbms_output.put_line(f || ' ' || last_name);
END;
/
索引可能是必要的,也可能不是必需的.这里的想法是当前用户的名字在会话标识符中.测试功能将会话标识符中的用户名转换为用户ID.用户名可以(理论上)更改,并用作登录名.用户ID永远不会改变,因此是表的PK.
困扰我的是,当打开结果缓存时,并不总是调用此语句的WHERE条件中的函数:
SELECT first_name,last_name FROM test_users WHERE user_id = test_function();
第一个PL / sql块产生以下结果:
setting the session identifier to A (Sneezy,Timon):
TEST_FUNCTION called!
function call in WHERE criteria:
TEST_FUNCTION called!
Sneezy Timon
variable use in WHERE criteria:
Sneezy Timon
----
setting the session identifier to B (Dopey Simba):
TEST_FUNCTION called!
function call in WHERE criteria:
TEST_FUNCTION called!
Dopey Simba
variable use in WHERE criteria:
Dopey Simba
第二个块产生这个:
setting the session identifier to A (Sneezy,Timon):
TEST_FUNCTION called!
function call in WHERE criteria:
TEST_FUNCTION called!
Sneezy Timon
variable use in WHERE criteria:
Sneezy Timon
----
setting the session identifier to B (Dopey Simba):
TEST_FUNCTION called!
function call in WHERE criteria:
Sneezy Timon
variable use in WHERE criteria:
Dopey Simba
如您所见,TEST_FUNCTION的调用次数减少,结果错误.我理解结果缓存的方式,用户表应该是一个完美的候选人.许多SELECT,很少DML.除非我将函数调用放在WHERE标准中,否则一切正常.如果我调用该函数,将结果保存在变量中并在WHERE标准中使用它,一切都很好.
这是为什么?这是一个错误还是一个功能?事实上该函数使用来自会话标识符的数据是主要问题吗?或者通常不会为整个表打开结果缓存?
编辑:
在阅读了一些答案之后,我尝试明确地将该函数声明为缓存结果,如下所示:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION test_function(identifier VARCHAR2 DEFAULT sys_context('userenv','client_identifier'))
RETURN test_users.user_id%TYPE result_cache relies_on(test_users) IS
user_id test_users.user_id%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT user_id INTO user_id FROM test_users WHERE upper(username) = upper(identifier);
dbms_output.put_line('TEST_FUNCTION called!');
RETURN user_id;
END test_function;
这与下面评论中的Oracle文档示例非常相似.
可悲的是,这没有帮助.使用或不使用parantheses调用函数对我没有任何影响(但请参阅下面的评论).我发现始终获得预期结果的唯一方法是禁用表的结果缓存.