java使用linux系统调用_Linux下系统调用的组成与实现

主要包括三个部分：(1)唯一的系统调用号(System Call Number)；(2)系统调用表中相应的表项，即具体的函数地址；(3)对应的具体函数，即系统调用函数体。

以getpid()POSIX接口举例如下：

(1)系统调用号在文件    include/asm-x86/unistd_32.h中，表现如下：

/*

* This file contains the system call numbers.

*/

#define __NR_restart_syscall 0

#define __NR_exit 1

#define __NR_fork 2

#define __NR_read 3

#define __NR_write 4

#define __NR_open 5

#define __NR_close 6

#define __NR_waitpid 7

#define __NR_creat 8

#define __NR_link 9

#define __NR_unlink 10

#define __NR_execve 11

#define __NR_chdir 12

#define __NR_time 13

#define __NR_mknod 14

#define __NR_chmod 15

#define __NR_lchown 16

#define __NR_break 17

#define __NR_oldstat 18

#define __NR_lseek 19

#define __NR_getpid 20

#define __NR_mount 21

……(2)系统调用表在系统中的位置是：   arch/avr32/kernel/syscall_table.S

表现如下：

……

sys_call_table:

.long sys_restart_syscall

.long sys_exit

.long __sys_fork

.long sys_read

.long sys_write

.long sys_open /* 5 */

.long sys_close

.long sys_umask

.long sys_creat

.long sys_link

.long sys_unlink /* 10 */

.long __sys_execve

.long sys_chdir

.long sys_time

.long sys_mknod

.long sys_chmod /* 15 */

.long sys_chown

.long sys_lchown

.long sys_lseek

.long sys_llseek

.long sys_getpid /* 20 */

.long sys_mount

.long sys_umount

……

(3)具体的函数实现代码在系统中的位置是：kernel/timer.c

/**

* sys_getpid - return the thread group id of the current process

*

* Note, despite the name, this returns the tgid not the pid. The tgid and

* the pid are identical unless CLONE_THREAD was specified on clone() in

* which case the tgid is the same in all threads of the same group.

*

* This is SMP safe as current->tgid does not change.

*/

asmlinkage long sys_getpid(void)

{

return task_tgid_vnr(current);

}

那么，我们在系统中如何使用这个函数呢流程如下：

getpid(void)  ------->    int 0x80进入内核(同时从寄存器eax获取超级调用号) --------->   system_call  ， call *sys_ call_table(，%eax,

4)(这里的动作是将PC值改为%eax * 4 + sys_call_table)  ----->  sys_getpid(void)  ------->system_exit , resume_userspace ----->  给用户空间返回结果