python import MySQLdb 解决报错 Error：Reason: image not found

解决方法

方法一：使用pymysql

import pymysql

db = pymysql.connect("localhost", "username", "password", "database", charset='utf8')

方法二： 使用软链接

在终端中输入：

cd /usr/local/mysql/lib/

可以看到libmysqlclient.21.dylib文件，接下来添加软链接

sudo ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.21.dylib 

这里Mac会报错 Operation not permitted，需要先关闭SIP(System Integrity Protection)

问题解析

在Python程序中导入MySQLdb报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 968, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 957, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 673, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 697, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/Users/xq/.conda/envs/py3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 18, in <module>
    import _mysql
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/xq/.conda/envs/py3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/_mysql.cpython-35m-darwin.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libmysqlclient.21.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/xq/.conda/envs/py3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/_mysql.cpython-35m-darwin.so
  Reason: image not found

究其原因是：

Library not loaded: @rpath/libmysqlclient.21.dylib

参考链接：

Python mysqldb: Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6383310/python-mysqldb-library-not-loaded-libmysqlclient-18-dylib/13421926#13421926