本文探讨了如何利用低成本的喷墨和激光打印机固有和外在特征来实现安全打印和追踪文档。研究指出，电子照相打印过程中的条带现象可以作为打印机身份识别的内在特征，用于确定设备型号和制造商。此外，还提出了测量和提取文档中条带信号的方法，并探索了条带作为外在特征的应用。
Paper Abstract
Despite the increase in email and other forms of digital
communication, the use of printed documents continues to increase
every year. Many types of printed documents need to be "secure"
or traceable to the printer that was used to print them. Examples
of these include identity documents (e.g. passports) and documents
used to commit a crime.
Traditional protection methods such as special inks, security
threads, or holograms, can be cost prohibitive. The goals of our
work are to securely print and trace documents on low cost
consumer printers such as inkjet and electrophotographic (laser)
printers. We will accomplish this through the use of intrinsic and
extrinsic features obtained from modelling the printing process.
Specifically we show that the banding artifact in the EP print
process can be viewed as an intrinsic feature of the printer used
to identify both the model and make of the device. Methods for
measuring and extracting the banding signals from documents are
presented. The use of banding as an extrinsic feature is also
explored.
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