getordefault java,在使用getOrDefault（）之后我应该使用put（）还是putIfAbsent（）？...

Java8 introduced those nice methods getOrDefault() and putIfAbsent(), allowing to write code like:

Map> itemsByFoo = ...

List bars = itemsByFoo.getOrDefault(key, new ArrayList<>());

bars.add(someNewBar);

Now I am wondering if there are good factual reasons to either do:

itemsByFoo.put(key, bars);

or

itemsByFoo.putIfAbsent(key, bars);

Both would work:

option 1 might do a lot of unnecessary "put" calls when adding elements to lists happens often

option2 might do a lot of unnecessary "containsKey" calls when adding new entries for new keys is dominant

SO: are the good reasons to go for option 1 or option 2 "always"?

解决方案

getOrDefault is suitable if you want to use a stand-in for an absent value without modifying the map. If you want to add a new value for absent keys, you can do it right in one operation.

List bars = itemsByFoo.computeIfAbsent(key, x -> new ArrayList<>());

bars.add(someNewBar);

or even

itemsByFoo.computeIfAbsent(key, x -> new ArrayList<>()).add(someNewBar);

In the best case, when being overridden by the Map implementation, like with HashMap, this will bear a single hash lookup only.

Not that putIfAbsent only bears two lookups when using the default implementation, but, of course, most Map implementations will provide a single lookup implementation for it. Still, the combination of getOrDefault and putIfAbsent would still bear two lookups in the best case, whereas an optimized computeIfAbsent does only one.