There are three formats with a reasonable level of support: H.264 (MPEG-4 AVC), OGG Theora (VP3) and WebM (VP8). See the wiki linked by Sam for which browsers support which; you will typically need at least one of those plus Flash fallback.
Whilst most browsers won't touch AVI, there are some browser builds that expose all the multimedia capabilities of the underlying OS to . These browser will indeed be able to play AVI, as long as they have matching codecs installed (AVI can contain about a million different video and audio formats). In particular Safari on OS X with QuickTime, or Konqi with GStreamer.
Personally I think this is an absolutely disastrous idea, as it exposes a very large codec codebase to the net, a codebase that was mostly not written to be resistant to network attacks. One of the worst drawbacks of media player plugins was the huge number of security holes they made available to every web page exploit. Let's not make this mistake again.
博客讨论了三种主流的视频格式H.264、OGG Theora和WebM,以及它们在不同浏览器中的兼容性。同时指出,尽管某些浏览器可以播放AVI格式,但因AVI可能包含多种编码,暴露大量编解码器存在安全隐患,不推荐用于网页播放,以防止类似早期媒体播放器插件的安全问题。
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