linux选择内核命令,Lenky个人站点

升级Linux内核的操作已经变得很简单，基本的几个命令即可搞定：make menuconfig、make、make modules、make modules_install、make install。除了这几个常用选项，make命令还有另外的几个选项对于我们也是十分有帮助，在内核源码树目录下执行make help可以看到这些选项，不过下面还是介绍几个我认为比较有用的选项：

1，make V=1，这个选项能显示出编译过程中的详细信息，即是verbose编译模式，在之前的《显示make编译信息》文章里曾介绍过修改makefile来达到这个目的，但make V=1更简单方便，而make V=0或直接make(V=0是默认值)则是quiet编译模式，只会显示出简单的编译信息。

[root@localhost linux-2.6.30]# make V=1

2，make dir/：指定编译目标，编译指定的某个目录：

[root@localhost linux-2.6.30]# make drivers/scsi/

3，make dir/file.ko：指定编译目标，编译指定的某个模块：

[root@localhost linux-2.6.30]# make drivers/net/igb/igb.ko

4，make dir/file.[ois]：指定编译目标，编译指定的某个文件为目标文件、头文件展开文件、汇编文件：

[root@localhost linux-2.6.30]# make drivers/net/igb/igb_main.o

[root@localhost linux-2.6.30]# make drivers/net/igb/igb_main.i

[root@localhost linux-2.6.30]# make drivers/net/igb/igb_main.s

5，make checkstack：函数栈静态检查

6，make includecheck：头文件重复静态检查

最后看下命令make help执行的显示信息：

[root@localhost linux-2.6.30]# make help

Cleaning targets:

clean - Remove most generated files but keep the config and

enough build support to build external modules

mrproper - Remove all generated files + config + various backup files

distclean - mrproper + remove editor backup and patch files

Configuration targets:

config - Update current config utilising a line-oriented program

menuconfig - Update current config utilising a menu based program

xconfig - Update current config utilising a QT based front-end

gconfig - Update current config utilising a GTK based front-end

oldconfig - Update current config utilising a provided .config as base

silentoldconfig - Same as oldconfig, but quietly

randconfig - New config with random answer to all options

defconfig - New config with default answer to all options

allmodconfig - New config selecting modules when possible

allyesconfig - New config where all options are accepted with yes

allnoconfig - New config where all options are answered with no

Other generic targets:

all - Build all targets marked with [*]

* vmlinux - Build the bare kernel

* modules - Build all modules

modules_install - Install all modules to INSTALL_MOD_PATH (default: /)

firmware_install- Install all firmware to INSTALL_FW_PATH

(default: $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/firmware)

dir/ - Build all files in dir and below

dir/file.[ois] - Build specified target only

dir/file.ko - Build module including final link

modules_prepare - Set up for building external modules

tags/TAGS - Generate tags file for editors

cscope - Generate cscope index

kernelrelease - Output the release version string

kernelversion - Output the version stored in Makefile

headers_install - Install sanitised kernel headers to INSTALL_HDR_PATH

(default: /usr/src/linux-2.6.30/usr)

Static analysers

checkstack - Generate a list of stack hogs

namespacecheck - Name space analysis on compiled kernel

versioncheck - Sanity check on version.h usage

includecheck - Check for duplicate included header files

export_report - List the usages of all exported symbols

headers_check - Sanity check on exported headers

headerdep - Detect inclusion cycles in headers

Kernel packaging:

rpm-pkg - Build both source and binary RPM kernel packages

binrpm-pkg - Build only the binary kernel package

deb-pkg - Build the kernel as an deb package

tar-pkg - Build the kernel as an uncompressed tarball

targz-pkg - Build the kernel as a gzip compressed tarball

tarbz2-pkg - Build the kernel as a bzip2 compressed tarball

Documentation targets:

Linux kernel internal documentation in different formats:

htmldocs - HTML

pdfdocs - PDF

psdocs - Postscript

xmldocs - XML DocBook

mandocs - man pages

installmandocs - install man pages generated by mandocs

cleandocs - clean all generated DocBook files

Architecture specific targets (x86):

* bzImage - Compressed kernel image (arch/x86/boot/bzImage)

install - Install kernel using

(your) ~/bin/installkernel or

(distribution) /sbin/installkernel or

install to $(INSTALL_PATH) and run lilo

fdimage - Create 1.4MB boot floppy image (arch/x86/boot/fdimage)

fdimage144 - Create 1.4MB boot floppy image (arch/x86/boot/fdimage)

fdimage288 - Create 2.8MB boot floppy image (arch/x86/boot/fdimage)

isoimage - Create a boot CD-ROM image (arch/x86/boot/image.iso)

bzdisk/fdimage*/isoimage also accept:

FDARGS="..." arguments for the booted kernel

FDINITRD=file initrd for the booted kernel

i386_defconfig - Build for i386

x86_64_defconfig - Build for x86_64

make V=0|1 [targets] 0 => quiet build (default), 1 => verbose build

make V=2 [targets] 2 => give reason for rebuild of target

make O=dir [targets] Locate all output files in "dir", including .config

make C=1 [targets] Check all c source with $CHECK (sparse by default)

make C=2 [targets] Force check of all c source with $CHECK

Execute "make" or "make all" to build all targets marked with [*]

For further info see the ./README file

[root@localhost linux-2.6.30]#

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