android http 获取xml数据,Android网络访问与数据解析

使用HttpUrlConnection访问网络

在过去，Android中发送Http请求的方式一般有两种：HttpUrlConnection和HttpClient.由于HttpClient的API数量太多导致扩展性很差，在Android6.0系统中HttpClient的功能被完全去除了。

@Override

public void onClick(View view) {

if (view.getId() == R.id.send_request) {

sendRequestWithHttpUrlConnection();

}

}

private void sendRequestWithHttpUrlConnection() {

//在Android3.0之后所有网络请求均需要在异步线程中执行

new Thread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

HttpURLConnection connection = null;

BufferedReader reader = null;

try {

//向百度发送请求

URL url = new URL("https://www.baidu.com");

//使用构造的url开启一个连接

connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

//设置网络请求方式为GET,主要需要大写

connection.setRequestMethod("GET");

//设置连接超时时间

connection.setConnectTimeout(8000);

//设置读取超时时间

connection.setReadTimeout(8000);

InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();

//对获取到的输入流数据进行读取

reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));

StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();

String line;

while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {

//对读取到的数据进行拼接

response.append(line);

}

//对读取到的数据进行显示

showResponse(response.toString());

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

//关闭对应的流操作

if (reader != null) {

try {

reader.close();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

//断开连接

if (connection != null) {

connection.disconnect();

}

}

}

}).start();

}

private void showResponse(final String result) {

runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

//只要在主线程中才能进行Ui操作

responseText.setText(result);

}

});

}

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URL的书写一定不能出现错误

数据解析

解析XMl数据

使用Apache在本地搭建一个网页服务器，并在服务器上准备以下xml数据

lisa

girl

Bob

boy

Mike

boy

Pull解析

Student实体类

public class Student {

private String name;

private String gender;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getGender() {

return gender;

}

public void setGender(String gender) {

this.gender = gender;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "Student{" +

"name='" + name + '\'' +

", gender='" + gender + '\'' +

'}';

}

/**

* 使用okHttp发送网络请求

*/

private void sendRequestWithOkHttp() {

new Thread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

try {

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

Request request = new Request.Builder()

//指定访问的服务器地址是电脑本机

.url("http://10.0.2.2/test.xml")

.build();

Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();

//取得返回的数据

String responseData = response.body().string();

Log.d("MainActivity", " " + responseData);

parseXmlWithPull(responseData);

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}).start();

}

private void parseXmlWithPull(String xmlData) {

try {

//构造XmlPullParserFactory对象进一步得到XmlPullParse对象

XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance();

XmlPullParser xmlPullParser = factory.newPullParser();

//将服务器返回的xml数据设置进去开始解析

xmlPullParser.setInput(new StringReader(xmlData));

int eventType = xmlPullParser.getEventType();

//未遍历到xml文件的结尾

while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {

String nodeName = xmlPullParser.getName();

switch (eventType) {

//开始解析节点

case XmlPullParser.START_TAG: {

if ("name".equals(nodeName)) {

//使用xmlPullParser.nextText()方法取出对应的值

student.setName(xmlPullParser.nextText());

} else if ("gender".equals(nodeName)) {

student.setGender(xmlPullParser.nextText());

}

break;

}

//完成解析某个节点

case XmlPullParser.END_TAG: {

if ("student".equals(nodeName)) {

Log.d("MainActivity", " " + student.toString());

}

break;

}

default:

break;

}

eventType = xmlPullParser.next();

}

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

Log日志如下

图片.png

SAX解析

public class ContentHandler extends DefaultHandler {

private String nodeName;

private StringBuilder name;

private StringBuilder gender;

//开始XML解析时调用

@Override

public void startDocument() throws SAXException {

//变量初始化

name = new StringBuilder();

gender = new StringBuilder();

}

//开始解析某个节点时调用

@Override

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {

//记录下当前节点名称

nodeName = localName;

}

//在获取节点中的内容时调用

@Override

public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {

//根据节点名判断要将内容添加到哪个对象中

if ("name".equals(nodeName)) {

//拼接数据

name.append(ch, start, length);

} else if ("gender".equals(nodeName)) {

gender.append(ch, start, length);

}

}

//完成解析某个节点时调用

@Override

public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException {

if ("student".equals(localName)) {

Log.d("ContentHandler", "name is " + name.toString().trim());

Log.d("ContentHandler", "gender is " + gender.toString().trim());

//将StringBuilder清空，避免影响下一次数据的读取

name.setLength(0);

gender.setLength(0);

}

}

//完成整个XML解析时调用，一般调用父类的方法即可

@Override

public void endDocument() throws SAXException {

super.endDocument();

}

}

private void parseXmlWithSAX(String responseData) {

try {

//获取SAXParseFactory对象

SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();

//使用SAXParseFactory对象进一步获取到XMLReader对象

XMLReader xmlReader = factory.newSAXParser().getXMLReader();

ContentHandler handler = new ContentHandler();

//将ContentHandler实例设置到XMLReader中

xmlReader.setContentHandler(handler);

//开始解析

xmlReader.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(responseData)));

} catch (SAXException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

Log日志

图片.png

DOM解析

//DOM解析XML数据

private void parseXmlWithDOM(String responseData) {

try {

//获取DOM解析器的工厂实例

DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();

//从工厂实例中获取DOM解析器

DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();

//将要解析的xml数据读入解析器

Document document = builder.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(responseData)));

//得到xml文件中名称为student的节点集合

NodeList studentNodes = document.getElementsByTagName("student");

//遍历该节点集合，获取集合中的元素及其子元素的值

for (int i = 0; i < studentNodes.getLength(); i++) {

Element student = (Element) studentNodes.item(i);

String name = student.getElementsByTagName("name").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();

String gender = student.getElementsByTagName("gender").item(0).getFirstChild().getNodeValue();

Log.d("DOM", "name is " + name);

Log.d("DOM", "gender is " + gender);

}

} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (SAXException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

Log日志

图片.png

解析Json数据

在服务器准备Json数据源

[

{

"name": "Mike",

"gender": "boy",

"age": 19,

"family": [

{

"name": "Bob",

"gender": "boy",

"age": 21

},

{

"name": "Lily",

"gender": "girl",

"age": 18

}

]

},

{

"name": "lisa",

"gender": "girl",

"age": 20

}

]

JSONObject解析

//使用JsonObject解析Json数据

private void parseJsonWithJsonObject(String responseData) {

try {

//将服务器返回的数据传入JsonArray对象中

JSONArray jsonArray = new JSONArray(responseData);

for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {

//从JsonArray对象中取出最外层的JsonObject对象

JSONObject jsonObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);

String name = jsonObject.getString("name");

String gender = jsonObject.getString("gender");

int age = jsonObject.getInt("age");

Log.d("Json", "name is " + name);

Log.d("Json", "gender is " + gender);

Log.d("Json", "age is " + age);

//进一步从最外层的JsonObject获取次外层的JsonArray

JSONArray jsonArray_family = jsonObject.getJSONArray("family");

for (int j = 0; j < jsonArray_family.length(); j++) {

//获取次外层的JsonObject对象

JSONObject jsonObject_family = jsonArray_family.getJSONObject(j);

String family_name = jsonObject_family.getString("name");

String family_gender = jsonObject_family.getString("gender");

int family_age = jsonObject_family.getInt("age");

Log.d("Json", "family_name is " + family_name);

Log.d("Json", "family_gender is " + family_gender);

Log.d("Json", "family_age is " + family_age);

}

}

} catch (JSONException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

Log日志

图片.png