linux怎么安装uwf命令,linux实题小练

1.列出当前系统上所有已经登录的用户的用户名，注意：同一个用户登录多次，则只显示一次即可

[root@foundation0 ~]# who | cut -d ' ' -f 1 | sort -u

root

jin

2.取出最后登录到当前系统的用户的相关信息

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ who | sort -r -k 3 | head -n 1 > /tmp/haha.txt

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ cat /tmp/haha.txt

jin pts/5 2016-10-5 12:05 (192.168.0.100)

3.取出当前系统上被用户当作其默认shell的最多的那个shell

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ cut -d: -f /etc/passwd | sort | uniq -c | sort -f | tail -n 1 > /tmp/sh

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ cat /tmp/shell.txt

39 /sbin/nologin

4.将/etc/passwd 中的第三个字段数值最大的后10个用户的信息全部改为大写后保存至/tmp/maxusers.txt文件中

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ sort -t : -k 3 -n /etc/passwd | tail -n 10 | tr [a-z] [A-Z] > /tmp/maxus

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ cat /tmp/maxusers.txt

5.取出当前主机的IP地址，提示：对ifconfig命令的结果进行切分

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ ifconfig eno16777736 | grep -w " inet" | cut -d ' ' -f 10

192.168.0.100

6.列出/etc目录下所有以.conf结尾的文件的文件名，并将其名字转换为大写后保存至/tmp/etc.conf文件中

[root@foundation0 ~]# ls /etc/ |grep '.conf$' > /tmp/etc.conf

[root@foundation0 ~]# cat /tmp/etc.conf

asound.conf

autofs.conf

autofs_ldap_auth.conf

brltty.conf

cgconfig.conf

cgrules.conf

cgsnapshot_blacklist.conf

chrony.conf

dleyna-server-service.conf

dnsmasq.conf

dracut.conf

e2fsck.conf

fprintd.conf

fuse.conf

hba.conf

host.conf

idmapd.conf

ipsec.conf

kdump.conf

krb5.conf

ksmtuned.conf

ld.so.conf

libaudit.conf

libuser.conf

locale.conf

logrotate.conf

man_db.conf

mke2fs.conf

mtools.conf

nfsmount.conf

nsswitch.conf

ntp.conf

numad.conf

oddjobd.conf

pbm2ppa.conf

pnm2ppa.conf

radvd.conf

request-key.conf

resolv.conf

rsyncd.conf

rsyslog.conf

sestatus.conf

sos.conf

sudo.conf

sudo-ldap.conf

sysctl.conf

tcsd.conf

updatedb.conf

usb_modeswitch.conf

vconsole.conf

wvdial.conf

7.显示/var目录下一级子目录或文件的总个数

[root@foundation0 ~]# 11 -a /var/ | wc -1

26

8.取出/etc/group文件中第三个字段数值最小的10个组的名字

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ cat /etc/group | sort -t: -k 3 -n -r | tail -n 10

kmem:x:9:

mem:x:8:

lp:x:7:

disk:x:6:

tty:x:5:

adm:x:4:

sys:x:3:

daemon:x:2:

bin:x:1:

root:x:0:

9.将/etc/fstab和/etc/issue文件的内容合并为同一个内容后保存至/tmp/etc.test文件中

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ cat /etc/fstab /etc/issue > /tmp/etc.test

[jin@foundation0 ~]$ cat /tmp/etc.test

10.请总结描述用户和组管理类命令的使用方法并完成以下练习：

(1)、创建组distro，其GID为2016

[root@foundation0 ~]# groupadd -g 2016 distro

(2)、创建用户mandriva, 其ID号为1005；基本组为distro

[root@foundation0 ~]# useradd -u 1005 -g distro mandriva

(3)、创建用户mageia，其ID号为1100，家目录为/home/linux

[root@foundation0 ~]# useradd -u 1100 -d /home/linux mageia

(4)、给用户mageia添加密码，密码为redhat

[root@foundation0 ~]# passwd mageia

Changing password for user mageia.

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully

(5)、删除mandriva，但保留其家目录

[root@foundation0 ~]# userdel mandriva

(6)、创建用户slackware，其ID号为2002，基本组为distro，附加组peguin

[root@foundation0 ~]# groupadd peguin

[root@foundation0 ~]# useradd -u 2002 -g distro -G peguin slackware

[root@foundation0 ~]# id slackware

uid=2002(slackware) gid=2016(distro) groups=2016(distro),2017(peguin)

(7)、修改slackware的默认shell为/bin/tcsh

[root@foundation0 home]# usermod -s /bin/tcsh slackware

[root@foundation0 home]# tail -n 1 /etc/passwd

slackware:x:2002:2016::/home/slackware:/bin/tcsh

(8)、为用户slackware新增附加组admins

[root@foundation0 ~]# usermod -a -G admins slackware

[root@foundation0 ~]# id slackware

(9)、为slackware添加密码，且要求密码最短使用期限为3天，最长为180天，警告为3天

[root@foundation0 ~]# # passwd redhat | passwd slackware -n 3 -x 180 -w 3

Adjusting aging data for user slackware.

passwd: Success

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 7 characters

Retype new password:

[root@localhost jun_shao]# tail -n 1 /etc/shadow

slackware:$6$6SP2wfD/$9OyF6m0WBSnB/QvMeKcy/Qaa494ctEDVDWX2jktapof..6Ud.yCEnkPE3bYUWfr20wy6DWdIU6x1FIoum6Kd20:17033:3:180:3:::

(10)、添加用户openstack，其ID号为3003, 基本组为clouds，附加组为peguin和nova

[root@foundation0 ~]# useradd -u 3003 -g clouds -G peguin,nova openstack

[root@foundation0 ~]# id openstack

uid=3003(openstack)gid=2019(clouds)groups=2019(clouds),2017(peguin),2020(nova)

(11)、添加系统用户mysql，要求其shell为/sbin/nologin

[root@foundation0 ~]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysq1

[root@foundation0 ~]# tail -n 1 /etc/passwd

mysql:x:987:982::/home/mysql:/sbin/nologin

(12)、使用echo命令，非交互式为openstack添加密码

[root@foundation0 ~]# echo "redhat" | passwd --stdin openstack