c语言数组缩短,c语言，变长数组

下面这个结构体,可以在malloc的时候指定数据data的长度，这样的形式就是变长数组：

typedef struct

{

int data_len;

char data[0];//或char data[];

}buff_st_a;

用法：在下面的例子中，

buff_st_b和buff_st_a用法相同，用数组名来表示数据地址，这时数据是紧挨着p_struct的，这样p_struct和p_data不用各自分开分配和释放，使用起来很方便；

buff_st_p用指针来存储数据地址，这时数据的地址并不是紧挨着p_struct的，p_struct和p_data必须各自分开分配和释放；

#include

#include

#include

#include

typedef struct

{

int data_len;

char data[0];

}buff_st_a;

typedef struct

{

int data_len;

char data[];

}buff_st_b;

typedef struct

{

int data_len;

char *data;

}buff_st_p;

typedef struct

{

uint32_t id;

uint32_t age;

}data_st;

void show_data(const data_st *data)

{

printf("data:

id :%u,age :%u

", data->id, data->age);

}

void show_addr(char* type, void* p_buf)

{

printf("for %s,

address:

", type);

if(0 == strcmp(type, "buff_st_a")){

buff_st_a *pbuf = (buff_st_a*)p_buf;

printf("pbuf :%p,pbuf->data_len :%p,pbuf->data :%p

",

pbuf, &(pbuf->data_len), pbuf->data);

}else if(0 == strcmp(type, "buff_st_b")){

buff_st_b *pbuf = (buff_st_b*)p_buf;

printf("pbuf :%p,pbuf->data_len :%p,pbuf->data :%p

",

pbuf, &(pbuf->data_len), pbuf->data);

}else if(0 == strcmp(type, "buff_st_p")){

buff_st_p *pbuf = (buff_st_p*)p_buf;

printf("pbuf :%p,pbuf->data_len :%p,pbuf->data :%p

",

pbuf, &(pbuf->data_len), pbuf->data);

}

}

int useage()

{

data_st *data = (data_st *)malloc(sizeof(data_st));

data->id = 100;

data->age = 23;

buff_st_a *buffa = (buff_st_a *)malloc(sizeof(buff_st_a) + sizeof(data_st));

buffa->data_len = sizeof(data_st);

memcpy(buffa->data, data, buffa->data_len);

show_addr("buff_st_a", buffa);

show_data((data_st*)buffa->data);

buff_st_b *buffb = (buff_st_b *)malloc(sizeof(buff_st_b) + sizeof(data_st));

buffb->data_len = sizeof(data_st);

memcpy(buffb->data, data, buffb->data_len);

show_addr("buff_st_b", buffb);

show_data((data_st*)buffb->data);

buff_st_p *buffp = (buff_st_p *)malloc(sizeof(buff_st_p));

buffp->data_len = sizeof(data_st);

buffp->data = (char *)malloc(buffp->data_len);

memcpy(buffp->data, data, buffp->data_len);

show_addr("buff_st_p", buffp);

show_data((data_st*)buffp->data);

free(buffa);

free(buffb);

free(buffp->data);

free(buffp);

free(data);

return 0;

}

int main()

{

useage();

return 0;

}

/*

for buff_st_a,

address:

pbuf :0x892f018,pbuf->data_len :0x892f018,pbuf->data :0x892f01c

data:

id :100,age :23

for buff_st_b,

address:

pbuf :0x892f028,pbuf->data_len :0x892f028,pbuf->data :0x892f02c

data:

id :100,age :23

for buff_st_p,

address:

pbuf :0x892f038,pbuf->data_len :0x892f038,pbuf->data :0x892f048

data:

id :100,age :23

*/