java 析构,为什么Java没有像C ++这样的析构函数？

Java has its own garbage collection implementation so it does not require any destructor like C++ . This makes Java developer lazy in implementing memory management.

Still we can have destructor along with garbage collector where developer can free resources and which can save garbage collector's work. This might improves the performance of application. Why does Java not provide any destructor kind of mechanism?

Developer does not have control over GC but he/she can control or create object. Then why not give them ability to destruct the objects?

解决方案

You're asserting that "garbage collection is very expensive" - could you back that up with evidence? Garbage collection is certainly not free but modern garbage collectors are very good.

Note that one of the ways in which the GC is able to be efficient is that it knows it's the only thing doing memory allocation and deallocation (for managed objects). Allowing a developer to explicitly free an object could hamper that efficiency. You'd also need to worry about what would happen if a developer tried to "use" a freed object:

Foo f = new Foo();

Foo g = f;

free(f); // Or whatever

System.out.println(g.toString()); // What should this do?

Are you proposing that each object should have an extra flag for "has this explicitly been freed" which needs to be checked on every dereference? This feels like a recipe for disaster, to be honest.

You're right though - it does allow Java developers to be lazy in this area. That's a good thing. IDEs allow developers to be lazy, too - as do high-level languages, etc. Laziness around memory allocation allows developers in managed environments to spend their energy worrying about business problems rather than memory management.