oracle 生成交叉表,Oracle中一个简单交叉表的制作

现有以下两张表：

SQL> select * from emp;

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO

----- ---------- --------- ----- ----------- --------- --------- ------

7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 1980-12-17 800.00 20

7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 1981-2-20 1600.00 300.00 30

7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 1981-2-22 1250.00 500.00 30

7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 1981-4-2 2975.00 20

7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 1981-9-28 1250.00 1400.00 30

7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 1981-5-1 2850.00 30

7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 1981-6-9 2450.00 10

7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 1987-4-19 3000.00 20

7839 KING PRESIDENT 1981-11-17 5000.00 10

7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 1981-9-8 1500.00 0.00 30

7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 1987-5-23 1100.00 20

7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 1981-12-3 950.00 30

7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 1981-12-3 3000.00 20

7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 1982-1-23 1300.00 10

14 rows selected

SQL> select * from dept;

DEPTNO DNAME LOC

------ -------------- -------------

10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK

20 RESEARCH DALLAS

30 SALES CHICAGO

40 OPERATIONS BOSTON

现在的需求是查处各部门中的各岗位的人数，这也是最基本的交叉表：

第一步：完成交叉表的动态列

SELECT deptno,job,

(CASE job WHEN 'CLERK' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END) AS CLERK,

(CASE job WHEN 'SALESMAN' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END) AS SALESMAN,

(CASE job WHEN 'MANAGER' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END) AS MANAGER,

(CASE job WHEN 'PRESIDENT' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END) AS PRESIDENT,

(CASE job WHEN 'ANALYST' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END) AS ANALYST

FROM emp

GROUP BY deptno,job

运行结果如下：

DEPTNO JOB CLERK SALESMAN MANAGER PRESIDENT ANALYST

------ --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

20 CLERK 1

30 SALESMAN 1

20 MANAGER 1

30 CLERK 1

10 PRESIDENT 1

30 MANAGER 1

10 CLERK 1

10 MANAGER 1

20 ANALYST 1

9 rows selected

第二部：使用count函数统计相同deptno相同job的人员

SELECT deptno,

COUNT((CASE job WHEN 'CLERK' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END)) AS CLERK,

COUNT((CASE job WHEN 'SALESMAN' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END)) AS SALESMAN,

COUNT((CASE job WHEN 'MANAGER' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END)) AS MANAGER,

COUNT((CASE job WHEN 'PRESIDENT' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END)) AS PRESIDENT,

COUNT((CASE job WHEN 'ANALYST' THEN 1 ELSE NULL END)) AS ANALYST

FROM emp

GROUP BY deptno

运行结果如下：

DEPTNO CLERK SALESMAN MANAGER PRESIDENT ANALYST

------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------

30 1 4 1 0 0

20 1 0 1 0 1

10 1 0 1 1 0

这样就做成一个最简单的交叉表了。可以使用decode代替case...when...简化代码：

SELECT deptno AS 部门号,

COUNT(decode(job,'CLERK',1,NULL)) AS CLERK,

COUNT(decode(job,'SALESMAN',1,NULL)) AS SALESMAN,

COUNT(decode(job,'MANAGER',1,NULL)) AS MANAGER,

COUNT(decode(job,'PRESIDENT',1,NULL)) AS PRESIDENT,

COUNT(decode(job,'ANALYST',1,NULL)) AS ANALYST

FROM emp

GROUP BY deptno

运行结果同上。