ios html数组,iOS 数据结构之数组的操作方法

数组是线性结构是容器类型,是一块连续的内存空间, iOS 中用 NSArray 和 NSMutableArray 集合类型,用来存放对象类型,其中 NSArray是不可变类型, NSMutableArray 是可变类型,能够对数组中元素进行增删改查.

本文作者本着学习的态度,决定仿照NSArray和NSMutableArray 自己实现一个数组类型,当然性能可能没有 NSArray和NSMutableArray 的好,插入100000万条数据,时间上是 NSMutableArray 的三倍左右 ,当然平时使用过程中很少100000次这样大的数据往数组里添加,因此性能方面可以忽略.

ArrayList.h 主要方法声明 完全照搬 NSArray 和 NSMutableArray 的方法名称

先发下测试结果

dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0), ^{

Person *p1 = [[Person alloc] init];

NSMutableArray *array = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:100000];

// ArrayList

*array = [ArrayList arrayWithCapacity:100000];

CFAbsoluteTime startTime =CFAbsoluteTimeGetCurrent();

for (int i = 0; i<100000; i++) {

[array addObject:p1];

}

CFAbsoluteTime linkTime = (CFAbsoluteTimeGetCurrent() - startTime);

CFTimeInterval duration = linkTime * 1000.0f;

NSLog(@"Linked in %f ms",duration);

[self->_timeArray addObject:@(duration)];

count++;

});

NSMutableArray 5.081740292635832 ms

ArrayList 16.27591523257168 ms

以下是 ArrayList 的具体实现 ,内部是一个 C语言的数组用来存放对象

//

// ArrayList.m

// ArrayList

//

// Created by dzb on 2018/7/19.

// Copyright © 2018 大兵布莱恩特. All rights reserved.

//

#import "ArrayList.h"

static NSInteger const defaultCapacity = 10;

typedef void * AnyObject;

@interface ArrayList ()

{

AnyObject *_array;

NSInteger _size;

NSInteger _capacity;

}

@end

@implementation ArrayList

#pragma mark - init

- (instancetype)init

{

self = [super init];

if (self) {

[self resetArray];

}

return self;

}

+ (instancetype)array {

return [[ArrayList alloc] initWithCapacity:defaultCapacity];

}

+ (instancetype)arrayWithCapacity:(NSUInteger)numItems {

return [[ArrayList alloc] initWithCapacity:numItems];

}

- (instancetype)initWithCapacity:(NSUInteger)numItems {

_capacity = numItems;

_array = calloc(_capacity,sizeof(AnyObject));

_size = 0;

return self;

}

/**

数组重置

*/

- (void) resetArray {

_size = 0;

if (_array != NULL)

_array[_size] = NULL;

free(_array);

_capacity = defaultCapacity;

_array = calloc(_capacity, sizeof(AnyObject));

}

#pragma makr - 增加操作

- (void)addObject:(id)anObject {

[self insertObject:anObject atIndex:_size];

}

- (void)insertObject:(id)anObject atIndex:(NSUInteger)index {

if (!anObject) {

@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"add object null." reason:@"object must be not null ." userInfo:nil];

return;

}

///判越界

if ((index > _size)) {

@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"Array is out of bounds" reason:@"out of bounds" userInfo:nil];

return;

}

if (_size == _capacity-1) { ///判断原来数组是否已经满了 如果满了就需要增加数组长度

[self resize:2*_capacity];

}

///交换索引位置

if (self.count > 0 ) {

for(NSInteger i = _size - 1 ; i >= index ; i--)

_array[i + 1] = _array[i];

}

self->_array[index] = (__bridge_retained AnyObject)(anObject);

_size++;

}

#pragma mark - 删除操作

- (void)removeAllObjects {

NSInteger i = _size-1;

while (_size > 0) {

[self removeObjectAtIndex:i];

i--;

}

[self resetArray];

}

- (void)removeObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index {

///判断越界

if ((index > _size)) {

@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"Array is out of bounds" reason:@"out of bounds" userInfo:nil];

return;

}

AnyObject object =(_array[index]);

CFRelease(object);

for(NSInteger i = index + 1 ; i < _size ; i ++)

_array[i - 1] = _array[i];

_size--;

_array[_size] = NULL;

///对数组空间缩减

if (_size == _capacity/2) {

[self resize:_capacity/2];

}

}

- (void)removeObject:(id)anObject {

NSInteger index = [self indexOfObject:anObject];

if (index == NSNotFound) return;

[self removeObjectAtIndex:index];

}

- (void)removeLastObject {

if ([self isEmpty]) return;

[self removeObjectAtIndex:_size-1];

}

#pragma mark - 修改操作

- (void)replaceObjectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index withObject:(id)anObject {

if (!anObject) {

@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"add object null." reason:@"object must be not null ." userInfo:nil];

return;

}

///判断越界

if ((index > _size)) {

@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"Array is out of bounds" reason:@"out of bounds" userInfo:nil];

return;

}

_array[index] = (__bridge AnyObject)(anObject);

}

#pragma mark - 查询操作

- (BOOL) isEmpty {

return (self->_size == 0);

}

- (BOOL) isFull {

return (self->_size == self->_capacity-1);

}

- (id)objectAtIndex:(NSUInteger)index {

if ((index > _size)) {

@throw [NSException exceptionWithName:@"Array is out of bounds" reason:@"out of bounds" userInfo:nil];

return nil;

}

if ([self isEmpty]) { return nil; }

AnyObject obj = _array[index];

if (obj == NULL) return nil;

return (__bridge id)(obj);

}

- (NSUInteger)indexOfObject:(id)anObject {

for (int i = 0; i<_size i>

id obj = (__bridge id)(_array[i]);

if ([anObject isEqual:obj]) return i;

}

return NSNotFound;

}

- (BOOL)containsObject:(id)anObject {

for (int i = 0; i<_size i>

id obj = (__bridge id)(_array[i]);

if ([anObject isEqual:obj]) return YES;

}

return NO;

}

- (id)firstObject {

if ([self isEmpty]) return nil;

return (__bridge id _Nullable)(_array[0]);

}

- (id)lastObject {

if ([self isEmpty]) return nil;

return (__bridge id _Nullable)(_array[_size]);

}

- (NSUInteger)count {

return _size;

}

- (NSString *)description {

NSMutableString *string = [NSMutableString stringWithFormat:@"\nArrayList %p : [ \n" ,self];

for (int i = 0; i<_size i>

AnyObject obj = _array[i];

[string appendFormat:@"%@",(__bridge id)obj];

if (i<_size-1>

[string appendString:@" , \n"];

}

}

[string appendString:@"\n]\n"];

return string;

}

/**

对数组扩容

@param capacity 新的容量

*/

- (void) resize:(NSInteger)capacity {

AnyObject *oldArray = _array;

AnyObject *newArray = calloc(capacity, sizeof(AnyObject));

for (int i = 0 ; i<_size i>

newArray[i] = oldArray[i];

}

_array = newArray;

_capacity = capacity;

free(oldArray);

}

- (void)dealloc

{

if (_array != NULL)

[self removeAllObjects];

free(_array);

// NSLog(@"ArrayList dealloc");

}

@end

经过测试 数组内部会对存入的对象 进行 retain 操作 其引用计数+1 ,当对象从数组中移除的时候 能够正常的使对象内存引用计数-1,因此不必担心对象内存管理的问题. 数组默认长度是10 , 如果在开发者不确定数组长度时候 ,其内部可以动态的扩容增加数组长度,当执行 remove 操作时候 也会对数组内部长度 进行相应的缩减

实现了 NSArray 和 NSMutableArray 等常用API,如果不是对性能特别在意的场景下 ,可以使用 ArrayList 来存放一些数据