无人值守网络安装Linux系统
1.安装DHCP服务
[root@CentOS6 ~]# yum -y install dhcp
安装完成后,配置DHCP
[root@CentOS6 ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# dhcpd.conf
# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
log-facility local7;
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet 172.16.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 {
range 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.250;
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
option routers 172.16.0.254;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
next-server 172.16.0.254;
filename "pxelinux.0";
}
[root@CentOS6 ~]# service dhcpd start
[root@CentOS6 ~]# chkconfig dhcpd on
2.安装TFTP服务器
[root@CentOS6 ~]# yum -y install tftp-server
[root@CentOS6 ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
service tftp
{
socket_type = dgram
protocol = udp
wait = yes
user = root
server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
disable = no
per_source = 11
cps = 100 2
flags =IPv4
}
↑ 配置说明:共享路径为/var/lib/tftpboot
将客户端所需启动文件复制到TFTP服务器
[root@CentOS6 ~]# yum -y install syslinux
[root@CentOS6 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
将系统光盘挂载到 /media 目录下
[root@CentOS6 ~]# umount /dev/cdrom
[root@CentOS6 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media
[root@CentOS6 ~]# cp /media/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/
[root@CentOS6 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
[root@CentOS6 ~]# touch /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@CentOS6 ~]# cp /media/isolinux/isolinux.cfg\
>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
[root@CentOS6 ~]# chmod 644 /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
修改启动配置文件如下:
[root@CentOS6 ~]# vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default linux
timeout 600
display boot.msg
menu title Welcome to CentOS 6.4!
label linux
menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img ks=nfs:172.16.0.254:/ks/ks.cfg
lable rescue
menu label ^Rescue installed system
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img rescue
↑ 配置说明:default 为默认选择的启动方式,下面有两个lable 默认调用第一个linux label;第二个rescue label顾名思义是救援引导模式;kernel代表指定的是系统内核文件;ks参数是指定自动应答文件的位置,实现自动安装部署。
重启TFTP服务器
[root@CentOS6 ~]# service xinetd restart
[root@CentOS6 ~]# chkconfig xinetd on
关闭防火墙,会配置防火墙的最好不要关闭,加个规则就好
[root@CentOS6 ~]# service iptables stop
3.创建自动应答配置文件
[root@CentOS6 ~]# yum -y install system-config-kickstart
[root@CentOS6 ~]# mkdir /ks/
运行system-config-kickstart 并开始配置,注意第二页使用NFS地址是172.16.0.254 目录为 /media
4.部署NFS服务器
修改NFS配置文件如下:
[root@CentOS6 ~]# vim /etc/exports
/ks 172.16.0.0/255.255.0.0(ro)
/media 172.16.0.0/255.255.0.0(ro)
启动NFS并设置为开机启动:
[root@CentOS6 ~]# service nfs start
[root@CentOS6 ~]# chkconfig nfs on
注:如果没有光盘,紧有ISO镜像文件,也可以讲ISO镜像文件挂载至/media 目录,方法如下:
[root@CentOS6 ~]# mount -o loop -t iso9660 “镜像文件” /media