php 替换 tab,php中str_replace替换实例讲解

在对于字符串的替换上，我们已经学过了不少的方法。但在做练习题的时候，我们会对多个字符串进行替换。从方法的实用性来说，str_replace就非常适合处理多个字符串的替换问题。下面我们就php中str_replace的概念、语法、参数、返回值进行讲解，然后带来替换的实例分享。

1、概念

str_replace() 函数以其他字符替换字符串中的一些字符(区分大小写)。

该函数区分大小写。请使用 str_ireplace() 函数执行不区分大小写的搜索。

2、语法

str_replace(find,replace,string,count)

3、参数

Find、replace、string、count

4、返回值

返回带有替换值的字符串或数组。

5、实例

创建一个PHP示例文件；然后通过“tr_replace($vowels, "","Hello World of PHP");”方法替换多个字符串即可。

echo str_replace(array("m","i"),array("n","z"),"my name is jim!")

echo str_replace(array('m','i'),'n',"my name is jim!");

$vowels = array("a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "A", "E", "I", "O", "U");

$onlyconsonants = str_replace($vowels, "","Hello World of PHP");

echo $onlyconsonants;

知识点扩展：

PHP利用str_replace防注入的方法

/**

* 安全过滤函数

*

* @param $string

* @return string

*/

function safe_replace($string) {

$string = str_replace('%20','',$string);

$string = str_replace('%27','',$string);

$string = str_replace('%2527','',$string);

$string = str_replace('*','',$string);

$string = str_replace('"','"',$string);

$string = str_replace("'",'',$string);

$string = str_replace('"','',$string);

$string = str_replace(';','',$string);

$string = str_replace('

$string = str_replace('>','>',$string);

$string = str_replace("{",'',$string);

$string = str_replace('}','',$string);

$string = str_replace('','',$string);

return $string;

}

?>

/**

* 返回经addslashes处理过的字符串或数组

* @param $string 需要处理的字符串或数组

* @return mixed

*/

function new_addslashes($string) {

if(!is_array($string)) return addslashes($string);

foreach($string as $key => $val) $string[$key] = new_addslashes($val);

return $string;

}

?>

//对请求的字符串进行安全处理

/*

$safestep

0 为不处理，

1 为禁止不安全HTML内容(javascript等)，

2 完全禁止HTML内容，并替换部份不安全字符串(如：eval(、union、CONCAT(、--、等)

*/

function StringSafe($str, $safestep=-1){

$safestep = ($safestep > -1) ? $safestep : 1;

if($safestep == 1){

$str = preg_replace("#script:#i", "ｓｃｒｉｐｔ：", $str);

$str = preg_replace("#]*>#isU", '', $str);

$str = preg_replace("#[ ]{1,}#", ' ', $str);

return $str;

}else if($safestep == 2){

$str = addslashes(htmlspecialchars(stripslashes($str)));

$str = preg_replace("#eval#i", 'ｅｖａｌ', $str);

$str = preg_replace("#union#i", 'ｕｎｉｏｎ', $str);

$str = preg_replace("#concat#i", 'ｃｏｎｃａｔ', $str);

$str = preg_replace("#--#", '－－', $str);

$str = preg_replace("#[ ]{1,}#", ' ', $str);

return $str;

}else{

return $str;

}

}

?>

/**

+----------------------------------------------------------

* 输出安全的html，用于过滤危险代码

+----------------------------------------------------------

* @access public

+----------------------------------------------------------

* @param string $text 要处理的字符串

* @param mixed $tags 允许的标签列表，如 table|td|th|td

+----------------------------------------------------------

* @return string

+----------------------------------------------------------

*/

static public function safeHtml($text, $tags = null)

{

$text = trim($text);

//完全过滤注释

$text = preg_replace('//','',$text);

//完全过滤动态代码

$text = preg_replace('/|?'.'>/','',$text);

//完全过滤js

$text = preg_replace('/

$text = str_replace('[','[',$text);

$text = str_replace(']',']',$text);

$text = str_replace('|','|',$text);

//过滤换行符

$text = preg_replace('/ ? /','',$text);

//br

$text = preg_replace('/
/i','[br]',$text);

$text = preg_replace('/([br]s*){10,}/i','[br]',$text);

//过滤危险的属性，如：过滤on事件lang js

while(preg_match('/(<[^><]+)(lang|on|action|background|codebase|dynsrc|lowsrc)[^><]+/i',$text,$mat)){

$text=str_replace($mat[0],$mat[1],$text);

}

while(preg_match('/(<[^><]+)(window.|javascript:|js:|about:|file:|document.|vbs:|cookie)([^><]*)/i',$text,$mat)){

$text=str_replace($mat[0],$mat[1].$mat[3],$text);

}

if( empty($allowTags) ) { $allowTags = self::$htmlTags['allow']; }

//允许的HTML标签

$text = preg_replace('/<('.$allowTags.')( [^><[]]*)>/i','[12]',$text);

//过滤多余html

if ( empty($banTag) ) { $banTag = self::$htmlTags['ban']; }

$text = preg_replace('/?('.$banTag.')[^><]*>/i','',$text);

//过滤合法的html标签

while(preg_match('/<([a-z]+)[^><[]]*>[^><]*1>/i',$text,$mat)){

$text=str_replace($mat[0],str_replace('>',']',str_replace('<','[',$mat[0])),$text);

}

//转换引号

while(preg_match('/([[^[]]*=s*)("|')([^2=[]]+)2([^[]]*])/i',$text,$mat)){

$text=str_replace($mat[0],$mat[1].'|'.$mat[3].'|'.$mat[4],$text);

}

//空属性转换

$text = str_replace('''','||',$text);

$text = str_replace('""','||',$text);

//过滤错误的单个引号

while(preg_match('/[[^[]]*("|')[^[]]*]/i',$text,$mat)){

$text=str_replace($mat[0],str_replace($mat[1],'',$mat[0]),$text);

}

//转换其它所有不合法的 < >

$text = str_replace('<','<',$text);

$text = str_replace('>','>',$text);

$text = str_replace('"','"',$text);

//反转换

$text = str_replace('[','<',$text);

$text = str_replace(']','>',$text);

$text = str_replace('|','"',$text);

//过滤多余空格

$text = str_replace(' ',' ',$text);

return $text;

}

?>

<?php

function RemoveXSS($val) {

// remove all non-printable characters. CR(0a) and LF(0b) and TAB(9) are allowed

// this prevents some character re-spacing such as

// note that you have to handle splits with , , and later since they *are* allowed in some // inputs

$val = preg_replace('/([x00-x08,x0b-x0c,x0e-x19])/', '', $val);

// straight replacements, the user should never need these since they're normal characters

// this prevents like

$search = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';

$search .= 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';

$search .= '1234567890!@#$%^&*()';

$search .= '~`";:?+/={}[]-_|'';

for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($search); $i++) {

// ;? matches the ;, which is optional

// 0{0,7} matches any padded zeros, which are optional and go up to 8 chars

// @ @ search for the hex values

$val = preg_replace('/([xX]0{0,8}'.dechex(ord($search[$i])).';?)/i', $search[$i], $val);//with a ;

// @ @ 0{0,7} matches '0' zero to seven times

$val = preg_replace('/({0,8}'.ord($search[$i]).';?)/', $search[$i], $val); // with a ;

}

// now the only remaining whitespace attacks are , , and

$ra1 = Array('javascript', 'vbscript', 'expression', 'applet', 'meta', 'xml', 'blink', 'link', 'style', 'script', 'embed', 'object', 'iframe', 'frame', 'frameset', 'ilayer', 'layer', 'bgsound', 'title', 'base');

$ra2 = Array('onabort', 'onactivate', 'onafterprint', 'onafterupdate', 'onbeforeactivate', 'onbeforecopy', 'onbeforecut', 'onbeforedeactivate', 'onbeforeeditfocus', 'onbeforepaste', 'onbeforeprint', 'onbeforeunload', 'onbeforeupdate', 'onblur', 'onbounce', 'oncellchange', 'onchange', 'onclick', 'oncontextmenu', 'oncontrolselect', 'oncopy', 'oncut', 'ondataavailable', 'ondatasetchanged', 'ondatasetcomplete', 'ondblclick', 'ondeactivate', 'ondrag', 'ondragend', 'ondragenter', 'ondragleave', 'ondragover', 'ondragstart', 'ondrop', 'onerror', 'onerrorupdate', 'onfilterchange', 'onfinish', 'onfocus', 'onfocusin', 'onfocusout', 'onhelp', 'onkeydown', 'onkeypress', 'onkeyup', 'onlayoutcomplete', 'onload', 'onlosecapture', 'onmousedown', 'onmouseenter', 'onmouseleave', 'onmousemove', 'onmouseout', 'onmouseover', 'onmouseup', 'onmousewheel', 'onmove', 'onmoveend', 'onmovestart', 'onpaste', 'onpropertychange', 'onreadystatechange', 'onreset', 'onresize', 'onresizeend', 'onresizestart', 'onrowenter', 'onrowexit', 'onrowsdelete', 'onrowsinserted', 'onscroll', 'onselect', 'onselectionchange', 'onselectstart', 'onstart', 'onstop', 'onsubmit', 'onunload');

$ra = array_merge($ra1, $ra2);

$found = true; // keep replacing as long as the previous round replaced something

while ($found == true) {

$val_before = $val;

for ($i = 0; $i < sizeof($ra); $i++) {

$pattern = '/';

for ($j = 0; $j < strlen($ra[$i]); $j++) {

if ($j > 0) {

$pattern .= '(';

$pattern .= '([xX]0{0,8}([9ab]);)';

$pattern .= '|';

$pattern .= '|({0,8}([9|10|13]);)';

$pattern .= ')*';

}

$pattern .= $ra[$i][$j];

}

$pattern .= '/i';

$replacement = substr($ra[$i], 0, 2).''.substr($ra[$i], 2); // add in <> to nerf the tag

$val = preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $val); // filter out the hex tags

if ($val_before == $val) {

// no replacements were made, so exit the loop

$found = false;

}

}

}

return $val;

}

?>

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