android o 无法接受广播,Android O 无法接收静态广播完美解决方法

背景：两个应用需要通信，和同事讨论了一下，因为功能比较简单所以打算使用广播进行通信。写完后发现在android O上静态注册的receiver无法接收到广播。顺便就研究一下有什么方法可以解决这个问题。

代码：

举例说明，最简单的发送广播代码：

Intent intent = new Intent("com.test.broadcast.receiver");

this.sendBroadcast(intent);

接收端：

package com.example.h284333.myapplication.receiver;

public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

@Override

public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

// TODO: This method is called when the BroadcastReceiver is receiving

// an Intent broadcast.

Log.d("gsy","app onreceiver ="+intent.getAction());

}

}

在AndroidManifest中注册

运行后发现log没有打印出来，检查所有log发现。

BroadcastQueue: Background execution not allowed: receiving Intent { act=com.test.broadcast.receiver flg=0x10 } to com.example.h284333.myapplication/.receiver.MyReceiver

谷歌开发者网站中关于android O的说明中找到这么一段描述：

In addition, to improve device performance, the system limits certain behaviors by apps that are not running in the foreground. Specifically:

Apps cannot use their manifests to register for most implicit broadcasts (that is, broadcasts that are not targeted specifically at the app).

大概意思就是为了提高设备性能，系统限制了不在前台运行app的某些功能：

App不能使用在manifests中注册receiver的方式接收大部分的隐式广播。

为什么不是所有的隐式广播，因为有的系统的广播还是可以用静态注册方式接收的，比如开机广播，安装apk的广播。

所以只能够指定报名发送广播了，修改发送广播的代码：

ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName("com.example.h284333.myapplication","com.example.h284333.myapplication.receiver.MyReceiver");

Intent intent = new Intent("com.test.broadcast.receiver");

intent.setComponent(componentName);

sendBroadcast(intent);

需要注意的是componentName中指定的是你的接收器，第一个参数是接收器所在应用的包名，而不是接收器的包名。以上面的例子说明，接收器的包名是com.example.h284333.myapplication.receiver。应用的包名是com.example.h284333.myapplication。所以第一个参数应该写com.example.h284333.myapplication。第二个参数就是receiver的class名了。

运行后成功接收到广播：

08-12 01:11:44.213 12932 12932 D gsy : app onreceiver =com.test.broadcast.receiver

但是总感觉这样就不像是一个广播，更像是一个点对点的跨进程通信方式。如果有不止一个的广播接收器总不能一一指定componentName吧。方法总是有的，

PackageManager有一个queryBroadcastReceivers方法，可以检索出指定intent的receiver。

public abstract ListqueryBroadcastReceivers (Intent intent, int flags)

Retrieve all receivers that can handle a broadcast of the given intent.

有了这个方法我们就可以给所有的receiver发送广播了，代码如下：

private void sendHXBroadCast() {

Intent logIntent = new Intent();

logIntent.setAction("com.test.broadcast.receiver");

PackageManager pm=this.getPackageManager();

Listmatches=pm.queryBroadcastReceivers(logIntent, 0);

if(matches != null && matches.size() >= 1){

for (ResolveInfo resolveInfo : matches) {

Intent intent=new Intent(logIntent);

ComponentName cn=new ComponentName(

resolveInfo.activityInfo.applicationInfo.packageName,

resolveInfo.activityInfo.name);

intent.setComponent(cn);

this.sendBroadcast(intent);

}

}

}

如此便完美解决了android O 静态注册的广播接收问题了。