Java web从入门到放弃（3）

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-26 20:22:30 发布

AshBringer555

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-26 20:22:30 发布

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第八章、Servlet技术

建立新的servlet和过滤器都需要在web.xml文件中添加配置信息

添加一个servlet的时候需要加入servlet

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.song.servlet.MyServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>

和servletmap。注意此处的servlet-name需要和上文代码中的servlet-name相同

<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet/MyServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

第九章、过滤器和监听器

1、过滤器

遇到写<filter-name>报错

参考 http://blog.csdn.net/niu_hao/article/details/25250213

例一、统计网站的访问数量

首先建立一个监听器负责记录数字count并且将count放到ServerletContext中

package com.song.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

public class Filter2 implements Filter {
	private int count;
    
    public Filter2() {}

	public void destroy() {}

	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		count++;
//		将ServletRequest转化成HttpServletRequest
		HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest)request;
//		获取ServletContext
		ServletContext context = req.getSession().getServletContext();
//		将来访数量值放入ServletContext中
		context.setAttribute("count", count);
//		向下传递过滤器
		chain.doFilter(request, response);
	}

	public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
		String param = fConfig.getInitParameter("count"); // 获取初始化参数
		count = Integer.valueOf(param);					//将获取的参数转化为int型，然后赋值给私有变量count
	}
}

然后在index.jsp中获取Context中的属性

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
<%=application.getAttribute("count") %>

</body>
</html>

这样就可以在每次刷新的时候增加访问量

例二、字符编码过滤器

首先编写CharactorFilter过滤器

package com.song.filter;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class CharactorFilter implements Filter {
	String encoding = null;
	
	public void destroy() {}

	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		if(encoding != null){
			request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
			response.setContentType("text/html;charset="+encoding);
		}
		chain.doFilter(request, response);
	}

	public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {
		encoding = fConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
	}
}

注意：配置这个过滤器的时候需要将web.xml文件中的配置信息修改为

<filter>
    <display-name>CharactorFilter</display-name>
    <filter-name>CharactorFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>com.song.filter.CharactorFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharactorFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

然后是AddServlet

package com.song.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class AddServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    public AddServlet() {
        super();
    }

	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
		String id = request.getParameter("id");
		String name = request.getParameter("name");
		String author = request.getParameter("author");
		String price = request.getParameter("price");
		out.print("<h2>图书信息添加成功</2>");
		out.print("图书编号："+id+"<br>");
		out.print("图书名称："+name+"<br>");
		out.print("作者："+author+"<br>");
		out.print("价格："+price+"<br>");
		out.flush();
		out.close();
	}

}

最后是负责输入数据的index.jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
	pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="AddServlet" method="post">
		<table align="center" border="1" width="350">
			<tr>
				<td class="2" align="center" colspan="2"><h2>添加图书信息</h2>
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td align="right">图书编号:</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="id">
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td align="right">图书名称:</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="name">
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td align="right">作者:</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="author">
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td align="right">价格:</td>
				<td><input type="text" name="price">
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td colspan="2" class="2" align="center"><input type="submit"
					value="提交">
				</td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</form>
</body>
</html>