oracle数据字符集修改,Oracle 数据库 字符集修改

环境描述：

Linux 7.0 + Oracle 12C

问题描述：

将数据库NLS_CHARACTERSET与NLS_CHARACTERSET修改：

NLS_CHARACTERSET(是数据库字符集)由AL32UTF8 修改为ZHS16GBK

NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET(是国家字符集) 由AL16UTF16 修改为UTF8

解决办法：

conn /as sysdba

shutdown immediate;

startup mount

ALTER SESSION SET sql_TRACE=TRUE;

ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

----NLS_CHARACTERSET是数据库字符集

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

--NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET是国家字符集

ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE UTF8;

ALTER SESSION SET sql_TRACE=FALSE;

select * from v$nls_parameters;

SELECT parameter,value FROM v$nls_parameters WHERE parameter LIKE '%CHARACTERSET';

shutdown immediate;

startup

操作如下： sql> conn / as sysdba

Connected.

sql> SELECT parameter,value FROM v$nls_parameters WHERE parameter LIKE '%CHARACTERSET';

PARAMETER

----------------------------------------------------------------

VALUE

----------------------------------------------------------------

NLS_CHARACTERSET

AL32UTF8

NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET

AL16UTF16

sql> conn / as sysdba

Connected.

sql> shutdown immediate;

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

sql> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 4999610368 bytes

Fixed Size

5293944 bytes

Variable Size

1258293384 bytes

Database Buffers

3724541952 bytes

Redo Buffers

11481088 bytes

Database mounted. sql> ALTER SESSION SET sql_TRACE=TRUE;

Session altered.

sql> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

System altered.

sql> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

sql> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;

System altered.

sql> alter database open;

Database altered.

sql> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK * ERROR at line 1: ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set sql> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK; Database altered. sql> ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE UTF8; Database altered. sql> ALTER SESSION SET sql_TRACE=FALSE; Session altered. sql> SELECT parameter,value FROM v$nls_parameters WHERE parameter LIKE '%CHARACTERSET'; PARAMETER ---------------------------------------------------------------- VALUE ---------------------------------------------------------------- NLS_CHARACTERSET ZHS16GBK NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET UTF8 sql> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. sql> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 4999610368 bytes Fixed Size 5293944 bytes Variable Size 1258293384 bytes Database Buffers 3724541952 bytes Redo Buffers 11481088 bytes Database mounted. Database opened.

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