说起字符串函数,我想大家都不陌生。字符串函数对二进制数据、字符串和表达式执行不同的运算。下面总结了C语言中的字符串函数。
1、函数名: stpcpy
功 能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个
用 法:
char*stpcpy(char*destin,char*source);
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
charstring[10];
char*str1 ="abcdefghi";
stpcpy(string, str1);
printf("%s\n", string);
return0;
}
2、函数名: strcat
功 能: 字符串拼接函数
用 法:
char*strcat(char*destin,char*source);
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
chardestination[25];
char*blank =" ", *c ="C++", *Borland ="Borland";
strcpy(destination, Borland);
strcat(destination, blank);
strcat(destination, c);
printf("%s\n", destination);
return0;
}
3、函数名: strchr
功 能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处\
用 法:
char*strchr(char*str,charc);
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
charstring[15];
char*ptr, c ='r';
strcpy(string,"This is a string");
ptr = strchr(string, c);
if(ptr)
printf("The character %c is at position: %d\n", c, ptr-string);
else
printf("The character was not found\n");
return0;
}
4、函数名: strcmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法:
intstrcmp(char*str1,char*str2);
看Asic码,str1>str2,返回值 > 0;两串相等,返回0
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
char*buf1 ="aaa", *buf2 ="bbb", *buf3 ="ccc";
intptr;
ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);
if(ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3);
if(ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
return0;
}
5、函数名: strncmpi
功 能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写
用 法:
intstrncmpi(char*str1,char*str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
char*buf1 ="BBB", *buf2 ="bbb";
intptr;
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
if(ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
if(ptr
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
if(ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
return0;
}
6、函数名: strcpy
功 能: 串拷贝
用 法:
char*strcpy(char*str1,char*str2);
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
charstring[10];
char*str1 ="abcdefghi";
strcpy(string, str1);
printf("%s\n", string);
return0;
}
7、函数名: strcspn
功 能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段
用 法:
intstrcspn(char*str1,char*str2);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
char*string1 ="1234567890";
char*string2 ="747DC8";
intlength;
length = strcspn(string1, string2);
printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %d\n", length);
return0;
}
8、函数名: strdup
功 能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处
用 法:
char*strdup(char*str);
程序例:
#include
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
char*dup_str, *string ="abcde";
dup_str = strdup(string);
printf("%s\n", dup_str);
free(dup_str);
return0;
}
9、函数名: stricmp
功 能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串
用 法:
intstricmp(char*str1,char*str2);
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
char*buf1 ="BBB", *buf2 ="bbb";
intptr;
ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);
if(ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
if(ptr
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
if(ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
return0;
}
10、函数名: strerror
功 能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针
用 法:
char*strerror(interrnum);
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
char*buffer;
buffer = strerror(errno);
printf("Error: %s\n", buffer);
return0;
}
11、函数名: strcmpi
功 能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写
用 法:
intstrcmpi(char*str1,char*str2);
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
char*buf1 ="BBB", *buf2 ="bbb";
intptr;
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
if(ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
if(ptr
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
if(ptr == 0)
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1\n");
return0;
}
12、函数名: strncmp
功 能: 串比较
用 法:
intstrncmp(char*str1,char*str2,intmaxlen);
程序例:
#include
#include
intmain(void)
{
char*buf1 ="aaabbb", *buf2 ="bbbccc", *buf3 ="ccc";
intptr;
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);
if(ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1\n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1\n");
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);
if(ptr > 0)
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3\n");
else
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3\n");
return(0);
}
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