android查看收到的系统广播,android服务无法收到系统广播

前几天写了个短信提醒的程序，接受系统广播，然后弹Toast提示。但是实验了几次都不成功，反复检查发现没有错误，只好放下。今天写个开机自启动服务，发现也无法接收系统广播。在自己机器上试了一下竟然可以，以为是虚拟机的问题，在网上找了找没有任何头绪。这时候突然想到自己机器是2.3的，虚拟机是4.0版本的，会不会是这里出了问题。

上网一搜果然这版本的问题，3.1开始的android加入了一种保护机制，正是这个机制导致程序接收不到系统广播。官方说明如下：

Launch controls on stopped

applications

Starting from Android 3.1, the system's package

manager keeps track of applications that are in a stopped state and

provides a means of controlling their launch from background

processes and other applications.

Note that an application's stopped state is not the same as an

Activity's stopped state. The system manages those two stopped

states separately.

The platform defines two new intent flags that let a sender

specify whether the Intent should be allowed to activate components

in stopped application.

—

Include intent filters of stopped applications in the list of

potential targets to resolve against.

—

Exclude intent filters of stopped applications from the list of

potential targets.

When neither or both of these flags is defined in an intent, the

default behavior is to include filters of stopped applications in

the list of potential targets.

Note that the system adds to

all broadcast intents. It does this to prevent broadcasts from

background services from inadvertently or unnecessarily launching

components of stoppped applications. A background service or

application can override this behavior by adding theflag

to broadcast intents that should be allowed to activate stopped

applications.

Applications are in a stopped state when they are first

installed but are not yet launched and when they are manually

stopped by the user (in Manage Applications).

简单的说就是系统广播都添加了一个flag(FLAG_EXCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES)，这样的结果就是一个处于"stopped"状态(安装后未启动过或者被用户在管理应用中手动停止)的就不能接收系统的广播。这样就可以防止病毒木马之类的恶意程序。但是自己定义的广播可以通过添加另一个flag，使可以启动处于"stopped"状态的程序，但是系统广播就无能为力了。网友们说经过验证，系统级别的app不受这个限制的影响。

这样的话，如果只有一个服务程序，就无法接收系统广播，因为服务程序无法手动启动,会一直处于"stopped"状态。暂时还没看到啥解决方法。。。。