unix linux网络配置文件,UNIX网络编程之环境配置

开始学习《Unix网络编程》，输入第一个程序后，遇到各种错误，先将解决方案记录如下。

遇到的第一个错误是：没有找到头文件“unp.h”,该头文件是作者自己写的，并不包含在／usr／include中，这时需要到网上下载unpv13e.tar.gz到某一目录。具体操作：

mkdir /home/yourname/download   ％创建存放压缩文件的目录

tar -xzvf unpv13e.tar.gz                  ％解压

ls -al                                                ％查看该目录下的文件

cd   unpv13e                                   ％进入unpv13e

cat README                                   %查看README文件，其中有具体的安装信息，按照操作即可

QUICK AND DIRTY

===============

Execute the following from the src/ directory:

./configure    # try to figure out all implementation differences

cd lib         # build the basic library that all programs need

make           # use "gmake" everywhere on BSD/OS systems

cd ../libfree  # continue building the basic library

make

cd ../libroute # only if your system supports 4.4BSD style routing sockets

make           # only if your system supports 4.4BSD style routing sockets

cd ../libxti   # only if your system supports XTI

make           # only if your system supports XTI

cd ../intro    # build and test a basic client program

make daytimetcpcli

./daytimetcpcli 127.0.0.1

If all that works, you're all set to start compiling individual programs.

然后，复制unp.h和config.h到/usr/include

cp libunp.a /usr/lib

cp libunp.a /usr/lib64/

cd /lib

cp unp.h /usr/include

cp config.h /usr/include

最后，修改unp.h中的#include "../config.h"为#include "./config.h"。

以上是第一个错误，下面的错误是：

undefined reference to 'err_quit'

undefined reference to 'err_sys'

这也是由于，意思是未定义的声明，也就是说这些函数没有实现，这时候在网上找的自定义错误处理函数myerr.h

#include "apue.h"

#include /* for definition of errno */

#include /* ISO C variable aruments */

static void err_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);

/*

* Nonfatal error related to a system call.

* Print a message and return.

*/

void

err_ret(const char *fmt, ...)

{

va_list ap;

va_start(ap, fmt);

err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);

va_end(ap);

}

/*

* Fatal error related to a system call.

* Print a message and terminate.

*/

void

err_sys(const char *fmt, ...)

{

va_list ap;

va_start(ap, fmt);

err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);

va_end(ap);

exit(1);

}

/*

* Fatal error unrelated to a system call.

* Error code passed as explict parameter.

* Print a message and terminate.

*/

void

err_exit(int error, const char *fmt, ...)

{

va_list ap;

va_start(ap, fmt);

err_doit(1, error, fmt, ap);

va_end(ap);

exit(1);

}

/*

* Fatal error related to a system call.

* Print a message, dump core, and terminate.

*/

void

err_dump(const char *fmt, ...)

{

va_list ap;

va_start(ap, fmt);

err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);

va_end(ap);

abort(); /* dump core and terminate */

exit(1); /* shouldn't get here */

}

/*

* Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call.

* Print a message and return.

*/

void

err_msg(const char *fmt, ...)

{

va_list ap;

va_start(ap, fmt);

err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);

va_end(ap);

}

/*

* Fatal error unrelated to a system call.

* Print a message and terminate.

*/

void

err_quit(const char *fmt, ...)

{

va_list ap;

va_start(ap, fmt);

err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);

va_end(ap);

exit(1);

}

/*

* Print a message and return to caller.

* Caller specifies "errnoflag".

*/

static void

err_doit(int errnoflag, int error, const char *fmt, va_list ap)

{

char buf[MAXLINE];

vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);

if (errnoflag)

snprintf(buf+strlen(buf), MAXLINE-strlen(buf), ": %s",

strerror(error));

strcat(buf, " ");

fflush(stdout); /* in case stdout and stderr are the same */

fputs(buf, stderr);

fflush(NULL); /* flushes all stdio output streams */

}

将以上代码创建到/usr/include/myerr.h即可。

最后，还缺少"apue.h"文件，到网上下载src.tar.gz到/home/yourname/download下，然后

cd /home/yourname/download

tar -xzvf src.tar.gz

然后找到apue.h文件拷到/usr/include/即可