前面的文章中,我们曾经实现了一个HTTP的GET 和 POST 请求(见 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-07/66006.htm );此处我封装了一个HTTP的get和post的辅助类,能够更好的使用;
类名:HttpRequestUtil
提供了如下功能:
(1)模拟GET请求;
(2)模拟POST请求;
(3)模拟文件上传请求;
(4)发送XML数据;
发送GET请求
(1)public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url, Map params, Map headers)
参数:
(1)url:单纯的URL,不带任何参数;
(2)params:参数;
(3)headers:需要设置的HTTP请求头;
返回:
HttpURLConnection
发送POST请求
(2)public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url, Map params, Map headers)
参数:
(1)url:单纯的URL,不带任何参数;
(2)params:参数;
(3)headers:需要设置的HTTP请求头;
返回:
HttpURLConnection
文件上传
(3)public static boolean uploadFiles(String url, Map params, FormFile[] files)
参数:
(1)url:单纯URL
(2)params:参数;
(3)files:多个文件
返回:是否上传成功
(4)public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map params, FormFile file)
参数:
(1)url:单纯URL
(2)params:参数;
(3)file:一个文件
返回:是否上传成功
发送XML数据
(5)public static byte[] postXml(String url, String xml, String encoding)
参数:
(1)url:单纯URL
(2)xml:XML数据
(3)XML数据编码
对于上传文件,FormFile的构造函数声明如下:
(1)public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType)
参数:
(1)filname:文件的名称
(2)data:文件的数据
(3)parameterName:HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字
(4)contentType:文件类型,比如text/plain为txt
(2)public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType)
参数:
(1)filname:文件的名称
(2)file:文件名
(3)parameterName:HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字
(4)contentType:文件类型,比如text/plain为txt
FormFile.java
packagecom.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
importjava.io.File;
importjava.io.FileInputStream;
importjava.io.FileNotFoundException;
importjava.io.InputStream;
/**
* 上传文件
*/
publicclassFormFile {
/* 上传文件的数据 */
privatebyte[] data;
privateInputStream inStream;
privateFile file;
/* 文件名称 */
privateString filname;
/* 请求参数名称*/
privateString parameterName;
/* 内容类型 */
privateString contentType ="application/octet-stream";
/**
* 此函数用来传输小文件
* @param filname
* @param data
* @param parameterName
* @param contentType
*/
publicFormFile(String filname,byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
this.data = data;
this.filname = filname;
this.parameterName = parameterName;
if(contentType!=null)this.contentType = contentType;
}
/**
* 此函数用来传输大文件
* @param filname
* @param file
* @param parameterName
* @param contentType
*/
publicFormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
this.filname = filname;
this.parameterName = parameterName;
this.file = file;
try{
this.inStream =newFileInputStream(file);
}catch(FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(contentType!=null)this.contentType = contentType;
}
publicFile getFile() {
returnfile;
}
publicInputStream getInStream() {
returninStream;
}
publicbyte[] getData() {
returndata;
}
publicString getFilname() {
returnfilname;
}
publicvoidsetFilname(String filname) {
this.filname = filname;
}
publicString getParameterName() {
returnparameterName;
}
publicvoidsetParameterName(String parameterName) {
this.parameterName = parameterName;
}
publicString getContentType() {
returncontentType;
}
publicvoidsetContentType(String contentType) {
this.contentType = contentType;
}
}
HttpRequestUtil.java
packagecom.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
importjava.io.BufferedReader;
importjava.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
importjava.io.File;
importjava.io.FileInputStream;
importjava.io.FileNotFoundException;
importjava.io.InputStream;
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;
importjava.io.OutputStream;
importjava.net.HttpURLConnection;
importjava.net.InetAddress;
importjava.net.Socket;
importjava.net.URL;
importjava.net.URLConnection;
importjava.net.URLEncoder;
importjava.util.HashMap;
importjava.util.Map;
importjava.util.Map.Entry;
importjava.util.Set;
/*
* 此类用来发送HTTP请求
* */
publicclassHttpRequestUtil {
/**
* 发送GET请求
* @param url
* @param params
* @param headers
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
publicstaticURLConnection sendGetRequest(String url,
Map params, Map headers)
throwsException {
StringBuilder buf =newStringBuilder(url);
Set> entrys =null;
// 如果是GET请求,则请求参数在URL中
if(params !=null&& !params.isEmpty()) {
buf.append("?");
entrys = params.entrySet();
for(Map.Entry entry : entrys) {
buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(),"UTF-8"))
.append("&");
}
buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() -1);
}
URL url1 =newURL(buf.toString());
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
// 设置请求头
if(headers !=null&& !headers.isEmpty()) {
entrys = headers.entrySet();
for(Map.Entry entry : entrys) {
conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
conn.getResponseCode();
returnconn;
}
/**
* 发送POST请求
* @param url
* @param params
* @param headers
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
publicstaticURLConnection sendPostRequest(String url,
Map params, Map headers)
throwsException {
StringBuilder buf =newStringBuilder();
Set> entrys =null;
// 如果存在参数,则放在HTTP请求体,形如name=aaa&age=10
if(params !=null&& !params.isEmpty()) {
entrys = params.entrySet();
for(Map.Entry entry : entrys) {
buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(),"UTF-8"))
.append("&");
}
buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() -1);
}
URL url1 =newURL(url);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
out.write(buf.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));
if(headers !=null&& !headers.isEmpty()) {
entrys = headers.entrySet();
for(Map.Entry entry : entrys) {
conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
conn.getResponseCode();// 为了发送成功
returnconn;
}
/**
* 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:
*
* @param path 上传路径(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试,因为它会指向手机模拟器,你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
* @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
* @param file 上传文件
*/
publicstaticbooleanuploadFiles(String path, Map params, FormFile[] files)throwsException{
finalString BOUNDARY ="---------------------------7da2137580612";//数据分隔线
finalString endline ="--"+ BOUNDARY +"--\r\n";//数据结束标志
intfileDataLength =0;
if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度
StringBuilder fileExplain =newStringBuilder();
fileExplain.append("--");
fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
fileExplain.append("\r\n");
fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() +"\"\r\n");
fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
fileExplain.append("\r\n");
fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
}else{
fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
}
}
}
StringBuilder textEntity =newStringBuilder();
if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){
for(Map.Entry entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据
textEntity.append("--");
textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
textEntity.append("\r\n");
textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() +"\"\r\n\r\n");
textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
textEntity.append("\r\n");
}
}
//计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度
intdataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length;
URL url =newURL(path);
intport = url.getPort()==-1?80: url.getPort();
Socket socket =newSocket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);
OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
//下面完成HTTP请求头的发送
String requestmethod ="POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";
outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
String accept ="Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";
outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
String language ="Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";
outStream.write(language.getBytes());
String contenttype ="Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+"\r\n";
outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
String contentlength ="Content-Length: "+ dataLength +"\r\n";
outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
String alive ="Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";
outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
String host ="Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";
outStream.write(host.getBytes());
//写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行
outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
//把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来
outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());
//把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来
if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
StringBuilder fileEntity =newStringBuilder();
fileEntity.append("--");
fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
fileEntity.append("\r\n");
fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() +"\"\r\n");
fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
byte[] buffer =newbyte[1024];
intlen =0;
while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer,0,1024))!=-1){
outStream.write(buffer,0, len);
}
uploadFile.getInStream().close();
}else{
outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(),0, uploadFile.getData().length);
}
outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
}
}
//下面发送数据结束标志,表示数据已经结束
outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
BufferedReader reader =newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据,判断请求码是否为200,如果不是200,代表请求失败
returnfalse;
}
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
reader.close();
socket.close();
returntrue;
}
/**
* 提交数据到服务器
*@parampath 上传路径(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试,因为它会指向手机模拟器,你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)
*@paramparams 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值
*@paramfile 上传文件
*/
publicstaticbooleanuploadFile(String path, Map params, FormFile file)throwsException{
returnuploadFiles(path, params,newFormFile[]{file});
}
/**
* 将输入流转为字节数组
* @param inStream
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
publicstaticbyte[] read2Byte(InputStream inStream)throwsException{
ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam =newByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer =newbyte[1024];
intlen =0;
while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1){
outSteam.write(buffer,0, len);
}
outSteam.close();
inStream.close();
returnoutSteam.toByteArray();
}
/**
* 将输入流转为字符串
* @param inStream
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
publicstaticString read2String(InputStream inStream)throwsException{
ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam =newByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer =newbyte[1024];
intlen =0;
while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1){
outSteam.write(buffer,0, len);
}
outSteam.close();
inStream.close();
returnnewString(outSteam.toByteArray(),"UTF-8");
}
/**
* 发送xml数据
* @param path 请求地址
* @param xml xml数据
* @param encoding 编码
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
publicstaticbyte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding)throwsException{
byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);
URL url =newURL(path);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/xml; charset="+ encoding);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
conn.setConnectTimeout(5*1000);
OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
outStream.write(data);
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
returnread2Byte(conn.getInputStream());
}
returnnull;
}
//测试函数
publicstaticvoidmain(String args[])throwsException {
Map params =newHashMap();
params.put("name","xiazdong");
params.put("age","10");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil
.sendGetRequest(
"http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet",
params,null);
intcode = conn.getResponseCode();
InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
byte[]data = read2Byte(in);
}
}
测试代码:
Map params =newHashMap();
params.put("name", name.getText().toString());
params.put("age", age.getText().toString());
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil.sendGetRequest("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet", params,null);
文件上传测试代码:FormFile formFile =newFormFile(file.getName(), file,"document","text/plain");
booleanisSuccess = HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/FileServlet",null, formFile);
简单了很多,对吧?