计算机取消vb,[VB]为何使用 ExitWindowsEx 函数没办法实现关闭计算机

退出操作系统可以调用Windows API的ExitWindowsEx函数。在Win9x下，只要简单地调用ExitWindowsEx函数就可以实现关机或者重新启动。但是在Win 2000/XP下调用ExitWindowsEx函数时，还需要先调用AdjustTokenPrivileges函数。下面的例子在Win9x和Win 2000/XP下都可以使用。请参考程序中的注释。

例子：

1、建立一个窗体，在上面放置4个按钮，按钮设置如下：

控件 控件名 Caption属性

---------------------------------------------------

CommandButton cmdLogoff 注销

CommandButton cmdForceLogoff 强制注销

CommandButton cmdShutdown 关机

CommandButton cmdForceShutdown 强制关机

2、将下面的代码加入窗体中：

Option Explicit

Private Const EWX_LogOff As Long = 0

Private Const EWX_SHUTDOWN As Long = 1

Private Const EWX_REBOOT As Long = 2

Private Const EWX_FORCE As Long = 4

Private Const EWX_POWEROFF As Long = 8

'ExitWindowsEx函数可以退出登录、关机或者重新启动系统

Private Declare Function ExitWindowsEx Lib user32 _

(ByVal dwOptions As Long, _

ByVal dwReserved As Long) As Long

'GetLastError函数返回本线程的最后一次错误代码。错误代码是按照线程

'储存的，多线程也不会覆盖其他线程的错误代码。

Private Declare Function GetLastError Lib kernel32 () As Long

Private Const mlngWindows95 = 0

Private Const mlngWindowsNT = 1

Public glngWhichWindows32 As Long

' GetVersion返回操作系统的版本。

Private Declare Function GetVersion Lib kernel32 () As Long

Private Type LUID

UsedPart As Long

IgnoredForNowHigh32BitPart As Long

End Type

Private Type LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES

TheLuid As LUID

Attributes As Long

End Type

Private Type TOKEN_PRIVILEGES

PrivilegeCount As Long

TheLuid As LUID

Attributes As Long

End Type

'GetCurrentProcess函数返回当前进程的一个句柄。

Private Declare Function GetCurrentProcess Lib kernel32 () As Long

'OpenProcessToken函数打开一个进程的访问代号。

Private Declare Function OpenProcessToken Lib advapi32 _

(ByVal ProcessHandle As Long, _

ByVal DesiredAccess As Long, _

TokenHandle As Long) As Long

'LookupPrivilegeValue函数获得本地唯一的标示符(LUID)，用于在特定的系统中

'表示特定的优先权。

Private Declare Function LookupPrivilegeValue Lib advapi32 _

Alias LookupPrivilegeValueA _

(ByVal lpSystemName As String, _

ByVal lpName As String, _

lpLuid As LUID) As Long

'AdjustTokenPrivileges函数使能或者禁用指定访问记号的优先权。

'使能或者禁用优先权需要TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES访问权限。

Private Declare Function AdjustTokenPrivileges Lib advapi32 _

(ByVal TokenHandle As Long, _

ByVal DisableAllPrivileges As Long, _

NewState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES, _

ByVal BufferLength As Long, _

PreviousState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES, _

ReturnLength As Long) As Long

Private Declare Sub SetLastError Lib kernel32 _

(ByVal dwErrCode As Long)

Private Sub AdjustToken()

'********************************************************************

'* 这个过程设置正确的优先权，以允许在Windows NT下关机或者重新启动。

'********************************************************************

Const TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = &H20

Const TOKEN_QUERY = &H8

Const SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = &H2

Dim hdlProcessHandle As Long

Dim hdlTokenHandle As Long

Dim tmpLuid As LUID

Dim tkp As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES

Dim tkpNewButIgnored As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES

Dim lBufferNeeded As Long

'使用SetLastError函数设置错误代码为0。

'这样做，GetLastError函数如果没有错误会返回0

SetLastError 0

' GetCurrentProcess函数设置 hdlProcessHandle变量

hdlProcessHandle = GetCurrentProcess()

If GetLastError 0 Then

MsgBox GetCurrentProcess error== & GetLastError

End If

OpenProcessToken hdlProcessHandle, _

(TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES Or TOKEN_QUERY), hdlTokenHandle

If GetLastError 0 Then

MsgBox OpenProcessToken error== & GetLastError

End If

' 获得关机优先权的LUID

LookupPrivilegeValue , SeShutdownPrivilege, tmpLuid

If GetLastError 0 Then

MsgBox LookupPrivilegeValue error== & GetLastError

End If

tkp.PrivilegeCount = 1 ' 设置一个优先权

tkp.TheLuid = tmpLuid

tkp.Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED

' 对当前进程使能关机优先权

AdjustTokenPrivileges hdlTokenHandle, _

False, _

tkp, _

Len(tkpNewButIgnored), _

tkpNewButIgnored, _

lBufferNeeded

If GetLastError 0 Then

MsgBox AdjustTokenPrivileges error== & GetLastError

End If

End Sub

Private Sub cmdLogoff_Click()

ExitWindowsEx (EWX_LogOff), &HFFFF

MsgBox ExitWindowsEx's GetLastError & GetLastError

End Sub

Private Sub cmdForceLogoff_Click()

ExitWindowsEx (EWX_LogOff Or EWX_FORCE), &HFFFF

MsgBox 调用ExitWindowsEx函数后的GetLastError & GetLastError

End Sub

Private Sub cmdShutdown_Click()

If glngWhichWindows32 = mlngWindowsNT Then

AdjustToken

MsgBox 调用AdjustToken后的GetLastError & GetLastError

End If

ExitWindowsEx (EWX_SHUTDOWN), &HFFFF

MsgBox 调用ExitWindowsEx函数后的GetLastError & GetLastError

End Sub

Private Sub cmdForceShutdown_Click()

If glngWhichWindows32 = mlngWindowsNT Then

AdjustToken

MsgBox 调用AdjustToken后的GetLastError & GetLastError

End If

ExitWindowsEx (EWX_SHUTDOWN Or EWX_FORCE), &HFFFF

MsgBox ExitWindowsEx's GetLastError & GetLastError

End Sub

Private Sub Form_Load()

'********************************************************************

'* 当项目启动时，调用GetVersion检查操作系统。

'********************************************************************

Dim lngVersion As Long

lngVersion = GetVersion()

If ((lngVersion And &H80000000) = 0) Then

glngWhichWindows32 = mlngWindowsNT

MsgBox 在Windows NT或Windows 2000下运行

Else

glngWhichWindows32 = mlngWindows95

MsgBox 在Windows 95/98/Me下运行

End If

End Sub

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