这篇文章主要介绍了spring boot2X Consul如何通过RestTemplate实现服务调用,文中通过示例代码介绍的非常详细,对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,需要的朋友可以参考下
Consul可以用于实现分布式系统的服务发现与配置
服务调用有两种方式:
A.使用RestTemplate 进行服务调用
负载均衡——通过Ribbon注解RestTemplate
负载均衡——默认使用Ribbon实现
先使用RestTemplate来实现
1.服务注册发现中心
启动Consul
consul agent -dev
2.服务端
在spring boot2X整合Consul 的基础上
添加服务provider,provider1
provider测试方法
package com.xyz.provider.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class demoController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String Hello(){
return "hello,provider";
}
}
provider1测试方法
package com.xyz.provider1.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController
public class demoController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String Hello(){
return "hello,another provider";
}
}
启动provider和provider1
浏览器访问http://localhost:8500
有两个服务提供者节点实例
3.客户端
(1)添加依赖
1.8
Greenwich.SR4
org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-web
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery
org.springframework.cloud
spring-cloud-dependencies
${spring-cloud.version}
pom
import
(2)添加配置
server.port=8015
spring.application.name=xyz-comsumer
spring.cloud.consul.host=localhost
spring.cloud.consul.port=8500
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.register=false
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.health-check-url=/actuator/health
spring.cloud.consul.discovery.heartbeat.enabled=true
management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*
management.endpoint.health.show-details=always
(3)测试方法
获取所有注册的服务,从注册的服务中选取一个,服务调用
package com.xyz.comsumer.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancer;
@Autowired
private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;
private String serviceName = "service-provider";
@RequestMapping("/services")
public Object services() {
return discoveryClient.getInstances(serviceName);
}
@RequestMapping("/discover")
public Object discover() {
return loadBalancer.choose(serviceName).getUri().toString();
}
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello() {
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.choose(serviceName);
String callServiceResult = new RestTemplate().getForObject(serviceInstance.getUri().toString() + "/hello", String.class);
return callServiceResult;
}
}
注:
客户端调用的服务名,是在服务端指定的,在服务端配置里使用 spring.cloud.consul.discovery.service-name指注册到 Consul 的服务名称
测试
启动Consul
启动provider和provider1
启动comsumer
测试地址 http://localhost:8015/services
返回结果
[
{
"instanceId": "provider-8010",
"serviceId": "service-provider",
"host": "hkgi-PC",
"port": 8010,
"secure": false,
"metadata": {
"secure": "false"
},
"uri": "http://hkgi-PC:8010",
"scheme": null
},
{
"instanceId": "provider-8011",
"serviceId": "service-provider",
"host": "hkgi-PC",
"port": 8011,
"secure": false,
"metadata": {
"secure": "false"
},
"uri": "http://hkgi-PC:8011",
"scheme": null
}
]
测试地址 http://localhost:8015/discover
返回结果
http://hkgi-PC:8011 或 http://hkgi-PC:8011
测试地址 http://localhost:8015/hello
返回结果
hello,provider 或 hello,another provider
注:
结果交替出现的,这是因为负载均衡器是采用的是轮询的方式
说明:
调用的过程:
A.通过LoadBalancerClient查询服务
B.通过RestTemplate调用远程服务
Ribbon负载均衡策略
BestAvailableRule
AvailabilityFilteringRule
WeightedResponseTimeRule
RetryRule
RoundRobinRule
RandomRule
ZoneAvoidanceRule
自定义Ribbon负载均衡——使用随机访问策略
修改启动类
package com.xyz.comsumer;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ComsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ComsumerApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
服务调用
package com.xyz.comsumer.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@RestController
public class RibbonHelloController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
private String serviceName = "service-provider";
@RequestMapping("/ribbon/hello")
public String hello() {
String callServiceResult = restTemplate.getForObject("http://"+serviceName+"/hello", String.class);
return callServiceResult;
}
}
配置添加
service-provider.ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule
重新启动 comsumer
测试地址 http://localhost:8015/ribbon/hello
输出的结果不再是交替出现,改为随机的了
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。