oracle备库搭建,Oracle DG–Rman备份集搭建备库

Oracle DG–Rman备份集搭建备库

常用的在线备库搭建有Rman auxiliary 和Rman备份集恢复两种方式。

(一)

在环境配置OK的问题下，使用一条Rman命令就可以完成备库初始化同步，比较简单。

# 登陆

rman target sys/Oracle123@orcl_pri auxiliary sys/Oracle123@orcl_dg

# 开始搭建辅助数据库

RMAN>duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database;

(二)

Rman备份集恢复的步骤相对多一些，但也不是很复杂。

(1)规划数据库参数

DB

db_name

db_unique_name

tnsname

primary

orcl

orcl

orcl_pri

standby

orcl

orcl_s

orcl_dg

DB

db_file_base

log_file_base

primary

/oradata/orcl

/oradata/log

standby

/oradata/orcl_dg

/oradata/log_dg

(2)主库参数配置(不考虑failover，只配置最少的参数)

alter system set log_archive_config = 'dg_config=(orcl,orcl_s)';

alter system set log_archive_dest_2 = 'SERVICE=orcl_dg ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl_s' scope=both;

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2 = ENABLE;

alter system set standby_file_management = auto;

# 生成pfile，作为备库启动的参数文件

create pfile=/home/oracle/pfile.ora' from spfile;

(3)备库直接修改pfile.ora参数，并启动至nomount状态

*.db_unique_name='center_s'

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oradata/log_dg'

*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl_pri ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl'

*.db_file_name_convert='/oradata/orcl','/oradata/orcl_dg'

*.log_file_name_convert='/oradata/log','/oradata/log_dg'

# 启动数据库

create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora'

startup nomount

(4)tnsnames.ora 和 listener.ora配置

(5)主库备份，上传至备库

# 全备库

RMAN> run {

allocate channel t1 type disk;

backup database FORMAT '/oradata/backup/data_%T_%s';

release channel t1;

}

# 控制文件备份

RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby format '/oradata/backup/control.bak';

(5)备库恢复数据库

# 恢复控制文件

RMAN> RESTORE STANDBY CONTROLFILE FROM '/oradata/backup/control.bak';

# 启动数据库到mount状态

RMAN> sql 'alter database mount'

# 恢复数据库

RMAN> catalog start with '/oradata/backup/';

RMAN> restore database;

RMAN> recover database;

# 恢复有报错，可以忽略

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 10/17/2017 09:33:30

RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence xx and starting SCN of xxxx

(6)创建备库standby日志文件，用于实时同步数据

alter system set standby_file_management = manual;

ALTER DATABASE ADD standby LOGFILE group 11 '/oradata/log_dg/std11.log' size 500m ;

ALTER DATABASE ADD standby LOGFILE group 12 '/oradata/log_dg/std12.log' size 500m ;

ALTER DATABASE ADD standby LOGFILE group 13 '/oradata/log_dg/std13.log' size 500m ;

ALTER DATABASE ADD standby LOGFILE group 14 '/oradata/log_dg/std14.log' size 500m ;

(7)开始实时日志应用并打开数据库

select open_mode ,flashback_on,current_scn from v$database;

# 应用日志

alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;

# 查看应用状态，并在主库切换日志，查看序列变化

select max(sequence#),applied,archived from v$archived_log group by applied,archived;

# 打开数据库

alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

alter database open;

alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session using current logfile;

Oracle DG是数据库架构中最常用的一种，一定要能熟练搭建DG环境和掌握DG failover /switchover 、recovery的方式。