android fragment 延迟加载数据,ViewPager2和Fragment可见性及懒加载解决方案

ViewPager2和Fragment新的可见性及懒加载解决方案，旨在解决ViewPager(ViewPager2)只有当前Fragment唯一可见时候网络刷新或绘图。注意：过去的setUserVisibleHint()已被废弃，开发者不要再使用基于setUserVisibleHint()解决Fragment可见性和懒加载(或延迟加载)的场景。新方案用最新的ViewPager2替代过去旧版的ViewPager，再结合Fragment的resume和pause生命周期实现。

写一个demo例子，测试的主类MainActivity：

package zhangphil.app;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

import androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity;

import androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter;

import androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2;

import android.os.Bundle;

import com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayout;

import com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayoutMediator;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

final List fragments = new ArrayList<>();

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

Fragment testFrgment = new TestFrgment("卡" + i);

fragments.add(testFrgment);

}

ViewPager2 vp = findViewById(R.id.vp2);

vp.setOffscreenPageLimit(1);

MyFragmentAdapter adapter = new MyFragmentAdapter(this, fragments);

vp.setAdapter(adapter);

TabLayout tabLayout = findViewById(R.id.tablayout);

TabLayoutMediator tabLayoutMediator = new TabLayoutMediator(tabLayout, vp, new TabLayoutMediator.TabConfigurationStrategy() {

@Override

public void onConfigureTab(@NonNull TabLayout.Tab tab, int position) {

TestFrgment f = (TestFrgment) fragments.get(position);

tab.setText(f.getTabTag());

}

});

tabLayoutMediator.attach();

}

private class MyFragmentAdapter extends FragmentStateAdapter {

private List fragments;

public MyFragmentAdapter(@NonNull FragmentActivity fragmentActivity, List list) {

super(fragmentActivity);

this.fragments = list;

}

@NonNull

@Override

public Fragment createFragment(int position) {

return fragments.get(position);

}

@Override

public int getItemCount() {

return fragments.size();

}

}

}

测试的Fragment：

package zhangphil.app;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.util.Log;

import android.util.TypedValue;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.widget.TextView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;

import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;

public class TestFrgment extends Fragment {

private boolean bUserVisible = false;

private String tag = null;

private String LOG = "生命周期->";

public TestFrgment(String tag) {

this.tag = tag;

}

@Override

public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

Log.d(LOG + tag, "onCreate");

}

@Nullable

@Override

public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {

TextView text = new TextView(getContext());

text.setText(tag);

text.setTextSize(TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 80);

text.setTextColor(ContextCompat.getColor(getContext(), android.R.color.holo_red_dark));

return text;

}

@Override

public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

Log.d(LOG + tag, "onViewCreated");

}

@Override

public void onStart() {

super.onStart();

Log.d(LOG + tag, "onStart");

}

@Override

public void onResume() {

super.onResume();

Log.d(LOG + tag, "onResume");

//当前Fragment用户可见了

//可以启动网络加载或绘图工作了。

bUserVisible = true;

}

@Override

public void onPause() {

super.onPause();

Log.d(LOG + tag, "onPause");

// 当前Fragment用户不可见了，

// 如果有网络数据加载或绘图工作，可以停止了。

bUserVisible = false;

}

@Override

public void onStop() {

super.onStop();

Log.d(LOG + tag, "onStop");

}

@Override

public void onDestroy() {

super.onDestroy();

Log.d(LOG + tag, "onDestroy");

}

public String getTabTag() {

return tag;

}

/**

* 当前Fragment是否可见(用户在手机屏幕看得见？)。

*

* @return

*/

public boolean isCurFragmentVisible() {

return bUserVisible;

}

}

xml布局文件：

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical">

android:id="@+id/vp2"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="0dp"

android:layout_weight="1"

android:orientation="horizontal" />

android:id="@+id/tablayout"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="50dp" />

当初次启动app：

2020-10-01 09:32:52.843 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onCreate

2020-10-01 09:32:52.846 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onViewCreated

2020-10-01 09:32:52.846 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onStart

2020-10-01 09:32:52.846 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onResume

2020-10-01 09:32:52.850 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡1: onCreate

2020-10-01 09:32:52.851 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡1: onViewCreated

2020-10-01 09:32:52.852 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡1: onStart

当按home键使得整个app退回后台，消失在屏幕：

2020-10-01 09:33:55.724 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onPause

2020-10-01 09:33:56.295 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onStop

2020-10-01 09:33:56.295 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡1: onStop

当重新调起app：

2020-10-01 09:34:48.502 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onStart

2020-10-01 09:34:48.502 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡1: onStart

2020-10-01 09:34:48.504 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onResume

当切换到Fragment1( 即卡1 ):

2020-10-01 09:35:44.849 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡2: onCreate

2020-10-01 09:35:44.852 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡2: onViewCreated

2020-10-01 09:35:44.852 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡2: onStart

2020-10-01 09:35:45.232 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onPause

2020-10-01 09:35:45.232 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡1: onResume

当切换回卡0(即Fragment0):

2020-10-01 09:36:43.224 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡1: onPause

2020-10-01 09:36:43.224 5123-5123/zhangphil.app D/生命周期->卡0: onResume

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4418236/blog/4658243