blog post list.html,Django学习(四)

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生成列表和视图

博客列表

博客详情

导包

from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404

from .models import Post

博客列表

def post_list(request):

posts = Post.published.all()

return render(request,

'blog/post/list.html',

{'posts': posts})

博客详情

def post_detail(request, year, month, day, post):

post = get_object_or_404(Post,

slug=post,

status='published',

publish__year=year,

publish__month=month,

publish__day=day)

return render(request,

'blog/post/detail.html',

{'post': post})

添加URL路径

打开blog/urls.py写入

from django.urls import path

from . import views

app_name = 'blog'

urlpatterns = [

path('', views.post_list, name='post_list'),

path('',

views.post_detail, name='post_detail')

]

在mysite/urls.py加上：

from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [

path('admin/', admin.site.urls),

path('blog/', include('blog.urls', namespace='blog')),

]

模型的标准URL

由于post_detail的URL比较特别，所以在blog/models.py中添加特殊的处理

from django.urls import reverse

class Post(models.Model):

...

def get_absolute_url(self):

return reverse('blog:post_detail', args=[self.publish.year,

self.publish.month,

self.publish.day,

self.slug])

视图模版

文件结构

base.html

{% load static %}

{% block title %}{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

{% endblock %}

My blog

This is my blog.

detail.html

{% extends 'blog/base.html' %}

{% block title %}

{{ post.title }}

{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

{{ post.title }}

Published {{ post.publish }} by {{ post.author }}

{{ post.body|linebreaks }}

{% endblock %}

list.html

{% extends 'blog/base.html' %}

{% block title %}

My blog

{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

My Blog

{% for post in posts %}

{{ post.title }}

Published {{ post.publish }} by {{ post.author }}

{#truncatewords:将数值截取至指定的单词数量#}

{#linebreaks:将输出结果转换为HTML换行符#}

{{ post.body|truncatewords:30|linebreaks }}

{% endfor %}

{% endblock %}

blog.css

body {

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

font-family: helvetica, sans-serif;

}

a {

color: #00abff;

text-decoration: none;

}

h1 {

font-weight: normal;

border-bottom: 1px solid #bbb;

padding: 0 0 10px 0;

}

h2 {

font-weight: normal;

margin: 30px 0 0;

}

#content {

float: left;

width: 60%;

padding: 0 0 0 30px;

}

#sidebar {

float: right;

width: 30%;

padding: 10px;

background: #efefef;

height: 100%;

}

p.date {

color: #ccc;

font-family: georgia, serif;

font-size: 12px;

font-style: italic;

}

.paginator {

margin: 40px 0;

font-weight: bold;

}

label {

float: left;

clear: both;

color: #333;

margin-bottom: 4px;

}

input, textarea {

clear: both;

float: left;

margin: 0 0 10px;

background: #ededed;

border: 0;

padding: 6px 10px;

font-size: 12px;

}

input[type=submit] {

font-weight: bold;

background: #00abff;

color: #fff;

padding: 10px 20px;

font-size: 14px;

text-transform: uppercase;

}

.errorlist {

color: #cc0033;

float: left;

clear: both;

padding-left: 10px;

}

.comment {

padding: 10px;

}

.comment:nth-child(even) {

background: #efefef;

}

.comment .info {

font-weight: bold;

font-size: 12px;

color: #666;

}

结果展示

列表页

详情页

添加分页机制

修改blog/views.py的post_list

paginator = Paginator(object_list, 1)里面的数字决定一页里面有几条数据，为了展示效果，先改为1

from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger

def post_list(request):

object_list = Post.published.all()

paginator = Paginator(object_list, 1)

page = request.GET.get('page')

try:

posts = paginator.page(page)

except PageNotAnInteger:

# 如果「不是数字」则去第一页

posts = paginator.page(1)

except EmptyPage:

# 如果「页数太大」就去最后一页

posts = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)

return render(request,

'blog/post/list.html',

{'posts': posts, 'page': page})

增加一个blog/templates/pagination.html

{% if page.has_previous %}

Previous

{% endif %}

Page {{ page.number }} of {{ page.paginator.num_pages }}.

{% if page.has_next %}

Next

{% endif %}

在blog/templates/blog/post/list.html最后面添加

...

{% include "pagination.html" with page=posts %}

{% endblock %}

效果