oracle dg安装,oracle物理dg安装：方法二

本文记录了物理dg的第二种安装方法，使用rman duplicate from active database，不需要做备份文件。

准备工作：

1.两台虚拟机，主机名：n1, n2，操作系统：centos6.7，建好信任关系

2.oracle database 11.2.0.4软件已装好

3.节点1(n1)数据库创建好，db_name=orcl，db_unique_name=dg1，归档模式(归档目录/oracle/arc/)

4.变量

n1变量：

export ORACLE_SID=dg1

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/db

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/ora11g

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

n2变量：

export ORACLE_SID=dg2

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/db

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/ora11g

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/lib

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

5.tns文件内容($ORACLE_BASE/network/admin)，n1、n2都需要

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /oracle/db/ora11g/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

dg1 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = n1)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = dg1)

)

)

dg2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = n2)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVICE_NAME = dg2)

)

)

6.静态listener($ORACLE_BASE/network/admin/listener.ora)，主备库最好都设置

n1：

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /oracle/db/ora11g/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg1)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/db/ora11g)

(SID_NAME = dg1)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = n1)(PORT = 1521))

)

n2：

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /oracle/db/ora11g/network/admin/listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(GLOBAL_DBNAME = dg2)

(ORACLE_HOME = /oracle/db/ora11g)

(SID_NAME = dg2)

)

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = n2)(PORT = 1521))

)

1.主库创建pfile

create pfile='/tmp/init.ora' from spfile;

2.将上一步生成的pfile及主库的 密码文件 scp 到备库(注意备库上 密码文件 的名称)

scp /tmp/init.ora oracle@n2:/tmp

scp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdg1 oracle@n2:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwdg2

3.备库创建spfile

create spfile from pfile='/tmp/init.ora';

4.备库启动到nomount

startup nomount

5.备库修改参数，并重启到nomount

alter system set db_unique_name=dg2 scope=spfile;

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(dg1,dg2)' scope=spfile;

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oracle/arc/ VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=dg2' scope=spfile;

alter system set fal_server=dg1 scope=spfile;

alter system set fal_client=dg2 scope=spfile;

alter system set standby_file_management=auto scope=spfile;

alter system set service_names='dg2' scope=spfile;

startup nomount force

6.备库执行rman(rman target sys/sys@dg1 auxiliary sys/sys@dg2)

duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database;

7.备库增加standby日志(主库也需要加，如果在duplicate之前主库已经添加了standby，这时备库可能需要删除再重建standby)

alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo41.log','/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo42.log') size 50M;

alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo51.log','/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo52.log') size 50M;

alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo61.log','/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/sredo62.log') size 50M;

8.dg创建完成，检查是否正常(检查方法参见 oracle物理dg安装：方法一)

注：

可能会出现的错误

1.备库启动到nomount

--db_recovery_file_dest参数对应的目录(/oracle/db/fast_recovery_area，具体值查看/tmp/init.ora文件)没有创建会报以下错，需要手动创建

SQL> startup nomount

ORA-01261: Parameter db_recovery_file_dest destination string cannot be translated

ORA-01262: Stat failed on a file destination directory

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

SQL> host

[oracle@n2 tmp]$ mkdir -p /oracle/db/fast_recovery_area

[oracle@n2 tmp]$ exit

exit

--audit_file_dest参数对应的目录(/oracle/db/admin/orcl/adump，具体值查看/tmp/init.ora文件)没有创建会报以下错，需要手动创建(创建后需要退出sqlplus重新登录)

SQL> startup nomount

ORA-09925: Unable to create audit trail file

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 9925

SQL> host

[oracle@n2 tmp]$ mkdir -p /oracle/db/admin/orcl/adump

[oracle@n2 tmp]$ exit

exit

SQL> select status from v$instance;

select status from v$instance

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01012: not logged on

Process ID: 0

Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

SQL> startup nomount

ORA-01012: not logged on

SQL> exit

Disconnected

[oracle@n2 tmp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Apr 12 13:47:34 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select status from v$instance;

STATUS

------------------------------------

STARTED

SQL> shutdown immediate

ORA-01507: database not mounted

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  839282688 bytes

Fixed Size                  2257880 bytes

Variable Size             545262632 bytes

Database Buffers          289406976 bytes

Redo Buffers                2355200 bytes

2.备库执行rman(rman target sys/sys@dg1 auxiliary sys/sys@dg2)

--控制文件，数据文件 所在目录要存在，否则备库duplicate会报错，手动创建好对应目录，重新执行duplicate继续进行

contents of Memory Script:

{

backup as copy current controlfile for standby auxiliary format  '/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl';

restore clone controlfile to  '/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' from

'/oracle/db/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl';

}

executing Memory Script

Starting backup at 11-APR-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

copying standby control file

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 04/11/2016 18:41:11

RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database

RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script

RMAN-03009: failure of backup command on ORA_DISK_1 channel at 04/11/2016 18:41:11

ORA-17628: Oracle error 19505 returned by remote Oracle server

3.备库执行rman(rman target sys/sys@dg1 auxiliary sys/sys@dg2)

--主库rman检查是不是有expired的归档日志等，有的话需要先crosscheck、delete掉(然后备库要退出rman重新登，再执行duplicate)，否则备库dupliate会报错

Starting backup at 11-APR-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy

copying standby control file

output file name=/oracle/db/ora11g/dbs/snapcf_dg1.f tag=TAG20160411T184405 RECID=11 STAMP=908909046

channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 11-APR-16

Starting restore at 11-APR-16

using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1

DBGSQL:     TARGET> begin :fhdbi := dbms_rcvcat.getDbid; end;

DBGSQL:        sqlcode = 6550

DBGSQL:         B :fhdbi = 32767

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 04/11/2016 18:44:06

RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database

RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script

ORA-06550: line 1, column 17:

PLS-00201: identifier 'DBMS_RCVCAT.GETDBID' must be declared

ORA-06550: line 1, column 7:

PL/SQL: Statement ignored

检查及删除过期expired日志的命令

crosscheck archivelog all;

list expired archivelog all;

delete expired archivelog all;