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LinuxÏÂDNSÅäÖÃ

Ò»¡¢ÅäÖþ²Ì¬IPµØÖ·£º

#vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

ONBOOT=yes

IPADDR=192.198.0.5

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.0.1

#/etc/init.d/network restart

#ifconfig eth0

¶þ¡¢Ê¹ÓÃBIND¹¹½¨DNS·þÎñÆ÷

1¡¢BIND·þÎñÆ÷°²×°

RHEL4ÖаüÀ¨ÁËBIND·þÎñÏà¹ØµÄÈí¼þ°ü

bind-libs-9.2.4-2

ÌṩÁËʵÏÖÓòÃû½âÎö¹¦Äܱر¸µÄ¿âÎļþ £¬ÏµÍ³Ä¬ÈÏ°²**ind-utils-9.2.4-2

ÌṩÁ˶ÔDNS·þÎñÆ÷µÄ²âÊÔ¹¤¾ß³ÌÐò £¬ÏµÍ³Ä¬ÈÏ°²**ind-9.2.4-2                 °²×°ÎļþλÓÚµÚ4ÕÅ°²×°¹âÅÌÖÐ

# rpm -ivh bind-9.2.4-2.i386.rpm

BIND·þÎñÆ÷µÄ·þÎñ³ÌÐò½Å±¾Ãû³ÆÊÇnamed£¬Ä¬ÈÏûÓÐÆô¶¯£¬ÐèÊÖ¶¯ÉèÖá£

#rpm -ql bind | grep init.d

/etc/rc.c/init.d/named

#chkconfig --level 35 named on

#chkconfig --list named

Èý¡¢Ö÷ÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷µÄÅäÖÃ

1¡¢ÔÚnamed.confÎļþÖÐÉèÖÃÓò

È«¾ÖÅäÖÃ

options {

directory "/var/named";

dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";

statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

};

controls {

inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndckey; };

};

½¨Á¢ÕýÏò½âÎöÓò

zone "." IN {                     £¨Ö¸¶¨¸ùÓò£©

type hint;

file "named.ca";

};

zone "benet.com" {                £¨Ö¸¶¨±¾µØÓò£©

type master;

file "benet.com.zone";

};

½¨Á¢·´Ïò½âÎöÓò

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {           £¨Ö¸¶¨·´ÏòÓò£©

type master;

file "192.168.0.rev";

};

2¡¢½¨Á¢ÕýÏòÇøÓòÎļþ     £¨¸ÃÎļþÐèÒªÓÃvi±à¼­Æ÷ÊÖ¶¯½¨Á¢ÔÚ/var/namedÖУ¬²¢Ð´ÆäÄÚÈÝ£©

#cat /var/named/benet.com.zone

$TTL     86400    £¨Ã룩

@                         IN SOA               benet.com.            hostmaster.benet.com. (

42                      ; serial (d. adams)    £¨ÐòÁкţ©

3H                     ; refresh                 £¨3Сʱ¸üУ©

15M                   ; retry                   £¨15·ÖÖÓÖØÊÔ£©

1W                    ; expiry                 £¨1ÖÜ£©

1D )                   ; minimum             £¨1Ì죩

@                           IN       NS      ns1.benet.com.

@                           IN       NS      ns2.benet.com.

ns1                         IN       A        192.168.0.5

ns2                         IN       A        192.168.0.6

host1                      IN       A        192.168.0.7

host2                      IN       A        192.168.0.8

mail               IN       CNAME    host1.benet.com.

www              IN       CNAME    host2.benet.com.

@               IN       MX       5        mail.benet.com.

3¡¢½¨Á¢·´ÏòÇøÓòÎļþ      £¨¸ÃÎļþÐèÒªÓÃvi±à¼­Æ÷ÊÖ¶¯½¨Á¢ÔÚ/var/namedÖУ¬²¢Ð´ÆäÄÚÈÝ£©

# cat /var/named/192.168.0.rev

$TTL     86400

@    IN SOA     ns1.ltest.com.    hostmaster.ltest.com. (

42               ; serial (d. adams)

3H               ; refresh

15M              ; retry

1W               ; expiry

1D )             ; minimum

@                 IN       NS       ns1.ltest.com.

@                 IN       NS       ns2.ltest.com.

2                      IN       PTR      ns1.ltest.com.    £¨PTR¿ÉÓÃIPÊ¡ÂÔ·½·¨£¬1.168.192.in-addr.rapa±í192.168.1.2¿ÉдΪ2£©

3                      IN       PTR      ns2.ltest.com.

11                     IN       PTR      host1.ltest.com.

12                     IN       PTR      host2.ltest.com.

4¡¢ÅäÖÃÎļþºÍÇøÓòÎļþµÄ²âÊÔ

A¡¢²âÊÔnamed.confÖ÷ÅäÖÃÎļþ

# named-checkconf     £¨Èç¹û²»ÏÔʾÈκÎÐÅÏ¢±íʾÓï·¨ÕýÈ· £©

B¡¢²âÊÔÇøÓòÎļþ

# named-checkzone benet.com /var/named/benet.com.zone

# named-checkzone 0.168.192.in-addr.arpa /var/named/192.168.0.rev

£¨named-checkzoneÃüÁî¶ÔÕýÏòÇøÓòÎļþºÍ·´ÏòÇøÓòÎļþ½øÐмì²éÓï·¨ÊÇ·ñ´íÎ󣬵ÚÒ»¸ö²ÎÊýÖ¸¶¨ÇøÓòÃû³Æ£¬µÚ¶þ¸ö²ÎÊýÖ¸¶¨ÇøÓòÎļþÃû³Æ£¬Èç¹ûÓï·¨ÕýÈ·½«ÏÔʾOK£©

5¡¢ÖØÆônamed·þÎñ

#service named restart

ËÄ¡¢´ÓÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷ µÄÅäÖÃ

£¨Ëü×öΪÖ÷ÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷µÄ¸¨ÖúºÍ±¸·Ý·þÎñÆ÷£¬×ÔÉí²»½¨Á¢ÇøÓòÎļþ£¬¶øÊÇ´ÓÖ÷ÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷Öвéѯ²¢±£´æ£¬Ëü¿ÉÒÔÓëÖ÷ÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷ÌṩÏàͬµÄÓòÃû½âÎö·þÎñ£¬ËüÐèÒªÔÚÓëÖ÷ÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷²»Í¬µÄÖ÷»úÖй¹½¨£©

1¡¢ÔÚnamed.confÎļþÖÐÉèÖÃÓò

½¨Á¢ÕýÏò½âÎöÓò

zone "benet.com" {

type slave;                              £¨typeÉèÖÃΪ¡°slave¡±£¬±íʾµ±Ç°DNS·þÎñÆ÷ÊǸÃÓòµÄ´ÓÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷ÀàÐÍ £©

file "slaves/benet.com.zone"      £¨´ÓÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷ÖеÄÇøÓòÎļþÓ¦ÉèÖñ£´æÔÚ   ¡°slaves¡±×ÓĿ¼ÖУ¬ÇøÓòÎļþ½«´ÓÖ÷                                                        ÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷ÖлñÈ¡²¢±£´æÔÚ¸ÃĿ¼ÖУ¬ÎªÁ˱ãÓÚ¹ÜÀí£¬¾¡Á¿Ê¹ÓÃÓëÖ÷·þÎñÆ÷Ïà                                                        ͬµÄÇøÓòÎļþÃû³Æ£©

masters { 192.168.0.5; };         £¨ ʹÓÃmastersÉèÖÃÖ÷ÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷µÄIPµØÖ· £©

};

½¨Á¢·´Ïò½âÎöÓò

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {

type slave;

file " slaves/192.168.0.rev";

masters { 192.168.0.5; };

};

2¡¢¼ì²âÅäÖÃÎļþºÍÆô¶¯named·þÎñ

´ÓÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷Ö»ÐèÒª¼ì²âÅäÖÃÎļþµÄÓï·¨

# named-checkconf

Æô¶¯´ÓÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷

# service named start

²é¿´ÇøÓòÎļþ

´Ó·þÎñÆ÷Æô¶¯ºó½«´ÓÖ÷ÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷ÖлñµÃÇøÓòÎļþ²¢±£´æÔÚÖ¸¶¨µÄĿ¼ÖÐ

# ls /var/named/slaves/

192.168.0.rev   benet.com.zone

£¨Èç¹û/var/named/slaves/Ŀ¼ÖÐûÓз¢ÏÖÇøÓòÎļþ£¬ËµÃ÷´ÓÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷ºÍÖ÷ÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷Ö®¼ä´«ÊäÇøÓòÎļþ²»³É¹¦£¬ÐèÒªÅÅ´í¡££©

Îå¡¢»º´æÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷µÄÅäÖÃ

£¨ËüÓ¦±£Ö¤Äܹ»Ó뻥ÁªÍøÖеÄÆäËûDNS·þÎñÆ÷½øÐÐÁ¬½Ó£¬ËüµÄÖ÷Òª×÷ÓÃÊÇÌá¸ßÓòÃû½âÎöËٶȺͽÚÔ¼³ö¿Ú´ø¿í£©

1¡¢°²×°caching-nameserverÈí¼þ°ü

£¨RHEL4ϵͳΪÅäÖûº´æÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷רÃÅÌṩÁËÃûΪ¡°caching-nameserver¡±µÄÈí¼þ°ü£¬¸ÃÈí¼þ°ü±£´æÔÚµÚ1ÕÅ°²×°¹âÅÌÖУ¬Ä¬ÈÏûÓа²×°¡££©

# rpm -ivh caching-nameserver-7.3-3.noarch.rpm

£¨caching-nameserverÈí¼þ°ü°²×°Ê±½«¶ÔBIND·þÎñÆ÷µÄÅäÖÃÎļþnamed.confµÄÄÚÈݽøÐиü¸Ä£¬Ô­ÎļþÖеÄÄÚÈݱ£´æÔÚ/etc/named.conf.rpmorigÖС££©

2¡¢named.confÖеÄÈ«¾ÖÉèÖà   (ÆäÖÐÒÔ//¿ªÍ·µÄÐÐÊÇÎÞЧÐÐ)

options {

directory "/var/named";             £¨directoryÓÃÓÚÉèÖÃBIND·þÎñÆ÷µÄ¹¤×÷Ŀ¼£¬¼´ÓòÃûÇøÓòÎļþ±£´æµÄĿ¼ £©

dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";      £¨dump-fileÓÃÓÚÉèÖÃÓòÃû»º´æÎļþµÄ±£´æλÖúÍÎļþÃû £©

statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

};

3¡¢¸ùÇøÓòÉèÖÃ

named.confÖеĸùÇøÓòÉèÖÃ

zone "." IN {

type hint;       £¨typeÉèÖÃΪhint±íʾ¸ÃÇøÓòµÄÀàÐÍÊǸùÇøÓò£©

file "named.ca";     £¨fileÓÃÓÚÉèÖÃÇøÓòÎļþ£¬¸ùÇøÓòÎļþµÄÃû³ÆÊÇ¡°named.ca¡± £©

};

£¨named.caÊǸùÇøÓòÎļþ£¬Î»ÓÚ¡°/var/named/ ¡±Ä¿Â¼ÖУ¬named.caÖаüº¬È«ÇòDNS¸ù·þÎñÆ÷µÄµØÖ·ÐÅÏ¢Çë²»Òª¸ü¸Ä£©

4¡¢localhostÕýÏò½âÎö

£¨localhostÇøÓòµÄ×÷ÓÃÊǶÔÖ÷»úÃû³Æ¡°localhost¡±ºÍ»·»ØµØÖ·¡°127.0.0.1¡± ½øÐнâÎö£¬×ÜÊÇ´ú±í±¾»ú£©

zone "localhost" IN {

type master;                £¨ typeÉèÖÃΪmaster±íʾÇøÓòµÄÀàÐÍΪÖ÷·þÎñÆ÷   £©

file "localhost.zone";     £¨fileÉèÖÃÇøÓòÎļþÃûµÄÃû×Ö £¬localhost.zoneÔÚ/var/namedÖУ¬ÊÇ°²×°caching-                                             nameserverʱ×Ô¶¯°²×°µÄ£¬ÓÃcat /var/named/localhost.zone²é¿´ÄÚÈÝ£©

};

5¡¢localhost·´Ïò½âÎö

zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {

type master;             £¨ typeÉèÖÃΪmaster±íʾÇøÓòµÄÀàÐÍΪÖ÷·þÎñÆ÷   £©

file "named.local";     £¨fileÉèÖÃÇøÓòÎļþÃûµÄÃû×Ö£¬named.localÔÚ/var/namedÖУ¬ÊÇ°²×°caching-nameserverʱ                                          ×Ô¶¯°²×°µÄ£¬ÓÃcat /var/named/named.local²é¿´ÄÚÈÝ£©

};

6¡¢»º´æÓòÃû·þÎñÆ÷ÔÚ°²×°caching-nameserverÈí¼þ°üºó²»ÐèÒªÈκÎÆäËûÅäÖþͿÉÒÔÆô¶¯ÔËÐУ¬²¢ÊµÏÖÓòÃû²éѯºÍ»º´æ¹¦ÄÜ£¬µ«Ëü±ØÐëÄܹ»·ÃÎÊ»¥ÁªÍø¡£¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃnslookupÃüÁî½øÐвâÊÔ¡£

Áù¡¢DNS·þÎñÆ÷µÄ²âÊÔ

1¡¢DNS²âÊÔÔ­Àí

DNS·þÎñÆ÷µÄÖ÷Òª²âÊÔ·½·¨

ʹÓÃnslookup¡¢digºÍhostµÈרÓù¤¾ß¿ÉÒÔ¶ÔDNS·þÎñÆ÷½øÐнÏÈ«ÃæµÄ²âÊÔ

nslookupÃüÁîÔÚLinuxºÍWindowsϵͳÖж¼Ä¬ÈÏ°²×°£¬ÊDZȽϳ£ÓõIJâÊÔ¹¤¾ß

2¡¢Ê¹ÓÃnslookup²âÊÔDNS·þÎñÆ÷

½øÈënslookupÃüÁî½»»»»·¾³

# nslookup

>

ÉèÖÃʹÓÃÖ¸¶¨µÄDNS·þÎñÆ÷

> server 192.168.0.5

²âÊÔlocalhostÖ÷»úÓòÃûµÄÕýÏò½âÎö

> localhost

²âÊÔlocalhostÖ÷»úÓòÃûµÄ·´Ïò½âÎö

> 127.0.0.1

²âÊÔ»¥ÁªÍøÖеÄÓòÃû½âÎö