我们都知道在controlfile中记录着每一个archivelog文件的相关信息,当然们在OS下把这些物理文件delete掉后,在我们的controlfile中仍然记录着这些archivelog文件的相关信息,在oracle的OEM管理器中有可视化的日志展现出,当我们手工清除
archive目录下的文件后,这些记录并没有被我们从controlfile中清除掉,也就是oracle并不知道这些文件已经不存在了,这时候我们要做手工的清除的话,下面我经过实验,可以尝试这种方法:
1.
进入rman
[oracle@dthxdb2
~]$ /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db/bin/rman
2.
connect target
/
RMAN> connect
target /
3.
crosscheck
archivelog all;
crosscheck archivelog
all:验证的是DB的归档日志即log_archive_dest参数指定位置的文件,当手工删除了归档日志以后,Rman备份会检测到日志缺失,从而无法进一步继续执行Rman备份,所以此时需要手工执行crosscheck过程,查看所有的归档日志文件是否都是正常的然后再来执行Rman备份。
4.
delete expired
archivelog all;
这时候我们再去OEM中就看不到这些日志文件了,如果你的从来没有做过这个动作的话,我们可以比较这个动作前的controlfile和动作后的controlfile的文件大小
ORACLE正确删除归档并回收空间的方法:
一个ORACLE归档日志经常满,表现为/archivelog这个文件空间占用100%大家总是抱怨ORACLE为何没有归档维护工具,很多人直接删除了事,错了,ORACLE有,而且很智能,可以正确的删除归档和
FLASHBACK,不过切记,ORACLE归档日志对于ORACLE的数据恢复和备份非常重要,不到万不得已不要删除归档日志。
删除归档日志的过程
以ORACLE用户身份登录到数据库服务器主机或通过网络连接
进入ORACLE数据备份工具
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db/bin/rman
target/
或/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db/bin/rman
target/@DTHXRAC1
在命令窗口里面执行
DELETE ARCHIVELOG ALL
COMPLETED BEFORE 'SYSDATE-7';
说明:
SYSDATA-7,表明当前的系统时间7天前,before关键字表示在7天前的归档日志,如果使用了闪回功能,也会删除闪回的数据。
同样道理,也可以删除从7天前到现在的全部日志,不过这个命令要考虑清楚,做完这个删除,最好马上进行数据库全备份
DELETE ARCHIVELOG FROM TIME
'SYSDATE-7';
UNIX/LINUX下也可以通过FIND找到7天前的归档数据,使用EXEC子操作删除
find /archivelog -xdev -mtime
+7 -name "*.dbf" -exec rm -f {} \;
这样做仍然会在RMAN里留下未管理的归档文件,它的作用还是相当于直接用操作系统命令将归档日志文件直接删除,而ORACLE控制文件并不知道,因此仍需要在RMAN里执行下面2条命令:
crosscheck archivelog
all;
delete expired archivelog
all;
所以还不如上面的方法好用,不过用FIND的好处就是,可以在条件上,和EXEC子项上做很多操作,实现更复杂的功能。
简要介绍一下report obsolete命令
使用report obsolete命令报告过期备份
RMAN>
report obsolete;
RMAN
retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN
retention policy is set to redundancy 1
Report
of obsolete backups and copies
Type
Key
Completion Time
Filename/Handle
--------------------------
------------------
--------------------
Backup
Set
125
01-NOV-04
Backup
Piece125
01-NOV-04
/data1/oracle/orabak/full_1_541045804
Backup
Set
131
04-NOV-04
Backup
Piece131
04-NOV-04
/data1/oracle/orabak/full_AVATAR2_20041104_131
....
Backup
Set
173
06-DEC-04
Backup
Piece173
06-DEC-04
/data1/oracle/orabak/full_AVATAR2_20041206_173
Backup
Set
179
11-DEC-04
Backup
Piece179
11-DEC-04
/data1/oracle/orabak/arch544588206.arc
.....
Backup
Piece189
17-DEC-04
/data1/oracle/orabak/arch545106606.arc
Backup
Set
190
17-DEC-04
Backup
Piece190
17-DEC-04
/data1/oracle/orabak/arch545106665.arc
Backup
Set
191
20-DEC-04
Backup
Piece191
20-DEC-04
/data1/oracle/orabak/arch_AVATAR2_20041220_194
Archive
Log
2973
20-DEC-04
/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2985.dbf
Archive
Log
2971
20-DEC-04
/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2984.dbf
.....
Archive
Log
270517-DEC-04
/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2717.dbf
Archive
Log
2704
17-DEC-04
/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2716.dbf
Archive
Log
2703
17-DEC-04
/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2715.dbf
Archive
Log
2702
17-DEC-04
/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2714.dbf
使用delete obsolete命令删除过期备份:
RMAN>
delete obsolete;
RMAN
retention policy will be applied to the command
RMAN
retention policy is set to redundancy 1
using
channel ORA_DISK_1
Deleting
the following obsolete backups and copies:
Type
Key
Completion Time
Filename/Handle
--------------------
--------------------------------------------
Backup
Set
125
01-NOV-04
Backup
Piece125
01-NOV-04
/data1/oracle/orabak/full_1_541045804
....
Archive
Log
2704
17-DEC-04
/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2716.dbf
Archive
Log
2703
17-DEC-04
/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2715.dbf
Archive
Log
2702
17-DEC-04
/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2714.dbf
Do
you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)?
yes
deleted
backup piece
backup
piece handle=/data1/oracle/orabak/full_AVATAR2_20041206_173
recid=173 stamp=544156241
.....
deleted
archive log
archive log
filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2715.dbf recid=2703
stamp=545108268
deleted
archive log
archive log
filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/avatar2/archive/1_2714.dbf recid=2702
stamp=545107659
Deleted
286 objects
RMAN>
crosscheck archivelog all;
released
channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated
channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel
ORA_DISK_1: sid=19 devtype=DISK
specification
does not match any archive log in the recovery catalog
在rman中用crosscheck检查归档日志,2个归档日志都是失败的:
RMAN>
crosscheck archivelog all;
释放的通道:
ORA_DISK_1
分配的通道:
ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1: sid=14
devtype=DISK
对归档日志的验证失败(validation
failed for archived log)
archive log
filename=/archivelog1/1_615_737652750.dbf recid=928
stamp=750848535
对归档日志的验证失败
archive
log filename=/archivelog1/1_616_737652750.dbf recid=930
stamp=750851615
已交叉检验的 2
对象(Crosschecked
2 objects)
试着同步一下,看行不行,结果不行,crosscheck还是失败:
RMAN>
resync catalog;
正在启动全部恢复目录的 resync
完成全部 resync
RMAN>
crosscheck archivelog all;
释放的通道:
ORA_DISK_1
分配的通道:
ORA_DISK_1
通道 ORA_DISK_1:
sid=14 devtype=DISK
对归档日志的验证失败(validation
failed for archived log)
archive log
filename=/archivelog1/1_615_737652750.dbf recid=928
stamp=750848535
对归档日志的验证失败
archive
log filename=/archivelog1/1_616_737652750.dbf recid=930
stamp=750851615
已交叉检验的 2
对象(Crosschecked
2 objects)
用list
expired看看是否有失效的archive
log,证明没有失效的archive
log:
RMAN>
list expired archivelog all;
说明与恢复目录中的任何存档日志均不匹配
更改语言环境试试,结果再次crosscheck,2个archive
log 都成功了:
RMAN>
exit
恢复管理器完成。
C:>set
nls_lang=american_america.zhs16gbk
C:>rman
catalogrman/rman@safetarget /
Recovery
Manager: Release 9.2.0.1.0 - Production
Copyright
(c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
connected
to target database: TEST (DBID=1870953724)
connected
to recovery catalog database
RMAN>
crosscheck archivelog all;
allocated
channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel
ORA_DISK_1: sid=9 devtype=DISK
validation
succeeded for archived log
archive log
filename=/archivelog1/1_615_737652750.dbf recid=928
stamp=750848535
validation
succeeded for archived log
archive log
filename=/archivelog1/1_616_737652750.dbf recid=930
stamp=750851615
Crosschecked
2 objects