finally的注意事项一

1.即使违例不在当前的catch从句里捕获，finally都会在违例控制机制转到更高级别搜索一个控制器之前得以执行。
如下：

package com.cqdxwjd.chapter9;

class Ex extends Exception {
}

public class AlwaysFinally {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Entering first try block");
        try {
            System.out.println("Entering second try block");
            try {
                throw new Ex();
            } finally {
                System.out.println("finally in 2nd try block");
            }
        } catch (Ex e) {
            System.out.println("Caught Ex in first try block");
        } finally {
            System.out.println("finally in 1st try block");
        }
    }
}

输出：
Entering first try block
Entering second try block
finally in 2nd try block
Caught Ex in first try block
finally in 1st try block

2.有finally从句时，违例可能会丢失，代码如下：

package com.cqdxwjd.chapter9;

class VeryImportantException extends Exception {
    public String toString() {
        return "A very important exception!";
    }
}

class HoHumException extends Exception {
    public String toString() {
        return "A trivial exception";
    }
}

public class LostMessage {
    void f() throws VeryImportantException {
        throw new VeryImportantException();
    }

    void dispose() throws HoHumException {
        throw new HoHumException();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        LostMessage lm = new LostMessage();
        try {
            // lm.f();
            lm.dispose();
        } finally {
            lm.f();
            lm.dispose();
        }
    }
}

输出：
Exception in thread “main” A trivial exception
at com.cqdxwjd.chapter9.LostMessage.dispose(LostMessage.java:21)
at com.cqdxwjd.chapter9.LostMessage.main(LostMessage.java:29)

可以看到，这里不存在VeryImportantException（非常重要的违例）的迹象，它只是简单地被finally 从句中的HoHumException 代替了。