Spark 之 dataframe 之 join

Spark DataFrame中join与SQL很像，都有inner join, left join, right join, full join;
那么join方法如何实现不同的join类型呢？
看其原型
def join(right : DataFrame, usingColumns : Seq[String], joinType : String) : DataFrame
def join(right : DataFrame, joinExprs : Column, joinType : String) : DataFrame
可见，可以通过传入String类型的joinType来实现。
joinType可以是”inner”、“left”、“right”、“full”分别对应inner join, left join, right join, full join，默认值是”inner”，代表内连接

personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person")).show()
personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "inner").show()

结果如下：

id_person	name	address	id_order	orderNum	id_person
1	张三	深圳	3	533	1
1	张三	深圳	4	444	1
2	李四	成都	1	325	2
3	王五	厦门	2	34	3

---

“left”,”left_outer”或者”leftouter”代表左连接

personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "left").show()
personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "left_outer").show()

结果如下：

id_person	name	address	id_order	orderNum	id_person
1	张三	深圳	3	533	1
1	张三	深圳	4	444	1
2	李四	成都	1	325	2
3	王五	厦门	2	34	3
4	朱六	杭州	null	null	null

---

“right”,”right_outer”及“rightouter”代表右连接

personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "right").show()
personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "right_outer").show()
 
 
1

结果如下：

id_person	name	address	id_order	orderNum	id_person
2	李四	成都	1	325	2
3	王五	厦门	2	34	3
1	张三	深圳	3	533	1
1	张三	深圳	4	444	1
null	null	null	5	777	11

---

“full”,”outer”,”full_outer”,”fullouter”代表全连接

personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "full").show()
personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "full_outer").show()
personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "outer").show()

结果如下：

id_person	name	address	id_order	orderNum	id_person
1	张三	深圳	3	533	1
1	张三	深圳	4	444	1
2	李四	成都	1	325	2
3	王五	厦门	2	34	3
4	朱六	杭州	null	null	null
null	null	null	5	777	11

---

Scala测试源码：

import org.apache.spark.{SparkContext, SparkConf}
import org.apache.spark.sql.SQLContext

case class Persons(id_person: Int, name: String, address: String)
case class Orders(id_order: Int, orderNum: Int, id_person: Int)

object DataFrameTest {
  def main(args: Array[String]) {
    val conf = new SparkConf().setMaster("local[2]").setAppName("DataFrameTest")
    val sc = new SparkContext(conf)

    val sqlContext = new SQLContext(sc)

    val personDataFrame = sqlContext.createDataFrame(List(Persons(1, "张三", "深圳"), Persons(2, "李四", "成都"), Persons(3, "王五", "厦门"), Persons(4, "朱六", "杭州")))
    val orderDataFrame = sqlContext.createDataFrame(List(Orders(1, 325, 2), Orders(2, 34, 3), Orders(3, 533, 1), Orders(4, 444, 1), Orders(5, 777, 11)))

    personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person")).show()
    personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "inner").show()
    personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "left").show()
    personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "left_outer").show()
    personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "right").show()
    personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "right_outer").show()
    personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "full").show()
    personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "full_outer").show()
    personDataFrame.join(orderDataFrame, personDataFrame("id_person") === orderDataFrame("id_person"), "outer").show()
  }
}
 
 

---

如何实现的呢？查看spark源码中sql部分可知其是将String类型转换为了JoinType
JoinType的伴生对象中对String类型的typ先转换成小写，然后去掉typ中的下划线 _ ，之后用模式匹配来决定用的是哪种join类型，另外，从源码中可知，除了内连接、左连接、右连接、全连接外，还有个LeftSemi连接，这种连接没用过，不太清楚

Spark中JoinType源码:

object JoinType {
  def apply(typ: String): JoinType = typ.toLowerCase.replace("_", "") match {
    case "inner" => Inner
    case "outer" | "full" | "fullouter" => FullOuter
    case "leftouter" | "left" => LeftOuter
    case "rightouter" | "right" => RightOuter
    case "leftsemi" => LeftSemi
    case _ =>
      val supported = Seq(
        "inner",
        "outer", "full", "fullouter",
        "leftouter", "left",
        "rightouter", "right",
        "leftsemi")

      throw new IllegalArgumentException(s"Unsupported join type '$typ'. " +
        "Supported join types include: " + supported.mkString("'", "', '", "'") + ".")
  }
}

sealed abstract class JoinType

case object Inner extends JoinType

case object LeftOuter extends JoinType

case object RightOuter extends JoinType

case object FullOuter extends JoinType

case object LeftSemi extends JoinType

hkl曰：其实测试了之后发现这个他的join的操作和我们对于mysql表的各种join操作是几乎一样的。搞清楚你的业务需求就知道该如何来使用连接的类型了。对于新手来说就是表连接的相等条件就是用  ===  不要搞错了。有新内容我会及时更新的。

转自：http://blog.csdn.net/anjingwunai/article/details/51934921