Python学习-Day03-分支结构-if、else

最近在GitHub上发现了一个python100天从新手到大师学习指南，现已有2万+star，
GitHub:https://github.com/jackfrued/Python-100-Days
在此记下学习过程中的笔记。也当作自己学习完python基础之后的查漏补缺与进阶。

1、getpass()模块

# 用户身份验证
import getpass

username = input('请输入用户名: ')
# 如果希望输入口令时终端中没有回显，可以使用getpass模块的getpass函数
password = getpass.getpass('请输入口令: ')

if username == 'admin' and password == '123456':
    print('身份验证成功!')
else:
    print('身份验证失败!')

请输入用户名: admin
请输入口令: ········
身份验证成功!

2、英制单位英寸和公制单位厘米互换

value = float(input('请输入长度: '))
unit = input('请输入单位: ')

if unit == 'in' or unit == '英寸':
    print('%f英寸 = %f厘米' % (value, value * 2.54))
elif unit == 'cm' or unit == '厘米':
    print('%f厘米 = %f英寸' % (value, value / 2.54))
else:
    print('请输入有效的单位')

请输入长度: 16
请输入单位: cm
16.000000厘米 = 6.299213英寸

3、掷骰子决定做什么事情

from random import randint

face = randint(1, 6)
if face == 1:
    result = '唱首歌'
elif face == 2:
    result = '跳个舞'
elif face == 3:
    result = '学狗叫'
elif face == 4:
    result = '做俯卧撑'
elif face == 5:
    result = '念绕口令'
else:
    result = '讲冷笑话'
print(result)

讲冷笑话

4、海伦公式计算三角形面积

import math

a = float(input('a = '))
b = float(input('b = '))
c = float(input('c = '))

if a + b > c and a + c > b and b + c > a:
    print('周长: %f' % (a + b + c))
    p = (a + b + c) / 2
    area = math.sqrt(p * (p - a) * (p - b) * (p - c))
    print('面积: %f' % (area))
else:
    print('不能构成三角形')

a = 3
b = 4
c = 5
周长: 12.000000
面积: 6.000000

5、输入月收入和五险一金计算个人所得税

salary = float(input('本月收入: '))
insurance = float(input('五险一金: '))
diff = salary - insurance - 3500

if diff <= 0:
    rate = 0
    deduction = 0
elif diff < 1500:
    rate = 0.03
    deduction = 0
elif diff < 4500:
    rate = 0.1
    deduction = 105
elif diff < 9000:
    rate = 0.2
    deduction = 555
elif diff < 35000:
    rate = 0.25
    deduction = 1005
elif diff < 55000:
    rate = 0.3
    deduction = 2755
elif diff < 80000:
    rate = 0.35
    deduction = 5505
else:
    rate = 0.45
    deduction = 13505

tax = abs(diff * rate - deduction)
print('个人所得税: ￥%.2f元' % tax)
print('实际到手收入: ￥%.2f元' % (diff + 3500 - tax))

本月收入: 15000
五险一金: 3000
个人所得税: ￥1145.00元
实际到手收入: ￥10855.00元