python语言安装-Python安装

Python是一种面向对象的解释型计算机程序设计语言,由荷兰人Guido van Rossum于1989年发明。

1、下载python安装包

python的windows版本官方下载网址:https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/

python的linux版本官方下载网址:https://www.python.org/downloads/source/

python不提供linux系统下安装包,需下载源码编译安装

2、查看准备编译环境

.c结尾的文件,是c源码文件,需要GCC编译环境,如果有C++文件,还需要gcc-c++

yum install gcc.x86_64

yum install gcc-c++.x86_64

根据自己的环境选择合适的编译器,yum research gcc

3、预编译

--enable-optimizations Enable expensive, stable optimizations

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apps/python3.7.0 --enable-optimizations

20180828174226905810.png

4、准备安装依赖包

zlib、openssl是python的pip需要的两个依赖包

yum install zlib*

yum install openssl*

5、源文件夹下编译

make

make为linux自带编译器,此过程较慢

6、安装

make install

此过程较慢

安装过程报错Can"t locate Tcl/Tk libs and/or headers

查看setup.py

20180828174227212462.png

find / -name tcl.h 查看全系统没有此文件

python.org/topics/tkinter/给出的指导:You may have to install Tcl and Tk(when using RPM, install the –devel

RPM as well) and /or edit the setup.py script to point to the right

locations where Tcl/Tk is installed. If you install Tcl/Tk in the

default locations, simply rerunning “make” should build the _tkinter

extension.

安装吧

yum install tcl-devel.x86_64

yum install tk-devel.x86_64

重新make

INFO: Could not locate ffi libs and/or headers

又缺依赖

yum install libffi-devel.x86_64

重新make

Could not build the ssl module!Python requires an OpenSSL 1.0.2 or 1.1 compatible libssl with X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set1_host().

查看了本机的openssl版本,符合要求,怀疑是不是找不到位置

重新预编译

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apps/python3.7.0 --with-openssl=/usr/bin/openssl --enable-optimizations

继续make

依然报错。。。。

无奈之举,换个版本吧

20180828174227444893.png

重复以上步骤,一路畅通。

7、环境变量配置

添加安装文件路径

vi ~/.bashrc

PYTHON_HOME=/usr/local/apps/python362

PATH=$PATH:$PYTHON_HOME/bin

source ~/.bashrc

补充:有一个小工具ipython可以安装一下,此环境下可以执行linux本身的命令

pip3 install ipython

windows环境安装python

1、根据指定地址下载windows版本安装包,点出安装即可,选择手动配置

20180828174227674394.png

2、点出下一步即可,安装位置选择无特殊符号地址

20180828174228056245.png

20180828174228410750.png

3、配置环境变量

20180828174228823852.png

20180828174229102183.png

测试正常。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lwy329/p/9549513.html

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This is Python version 3.1.5 ============================ Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved. Python 3.x is a new version of the language, which is incompatible with the 2.x line of releases. The language is mostly the same, but many details, especially how built-in objects like dictionaries and strings work, have changed considerably, and a lot of deprecated features have finally been removed. Build Instructions ------------------ On Unix, Linux, BSD, OSX, and Cygwin: ./configure make make test sudo make install This will install Python as python3. You can pass many options to the configure script; run "./configure --help" to find out more. On OSX and Cygwin, the executable is called python.exe; elsewhere it's just python. On Mac OS X, if you have configured Python with --enable-framework, you should use "make frameworkinstall" to do the installation. Note that this installs the Python executable in a place that is not normally on your PATH, you may want to set up a symlink in /usr/local/bin. On Windows, see PCbuild/readme.txt. If you wish, you can create a subdirectory and invoke configure from there. For example: mkdir debug cd debug ../configure --with-pydebug make make test (This will fail if you *also* built at the top-level directory. You should do a "make clean" at the toplevel first.) What's New ---------- We try to have a comprehensive overview of the changes in the "What's New in Python 3.1" document, found at http://docs.python.org/3.1/whatsnew/3.1.html For a more detailed change log, read Misc/NEWS (though this file, too, is incomplete, and also doesn't list anything merged in from the 2.7 release under development). If you want to install multiple versions of Python see the section below entitled "Installing multiple versions". Documentation ------------- Documentation for Python 3.1 is online, updated twice a day: http://docs.python.org/3.1/ All documentation is also available online at the Python web site (http://docs.python.org/, see below). It is available online for occasional reference, or can be downloaded in many formats for faster access. The documentation is downloadable in HTML, PostScript, PDF, LaTeX (through 2.5), and reStructuredText (2.6+) formats; the LaTeX and reStructuredText versions are primarily for documentation authors, translators, and people with special formatting requirements. Converting From Python 2.x to 3.x --------------------------------- Python starting with 2.6 will contain features to help locating code that needs to be changed, such as optional warnings when deprecated features are used, and backported versions of certain key Python 3.x features. A source-to-source translation tool, "2to3", can take care of the mundane task of converting large amounts of source code. It is not a complete solution but is complemented by the deprecation warnings in 2.6. See http://docs.python.org/py3k/library/2to3.html for more information. Testing ------- To test the interpreter, type "make test" in the top-level directory. This runs the test set twice (once with no compiled files, once with the compiled files left by the previous test run). The test set produces some output. You can generally ignore the messages about skipped tests due to optional features which can't be imported. If a message is printed about a failed test or a traceback or core dump is produced, something is wrong. On some Linux systems (those that are not yet using glibc 6), test_strftime fails due to a non-standard implementation of strftime() in the C library. Please ignore this, or upgrade to glibc version 6. By default, tests are prevented from overusing resources like disk space and memory. To enable these tests, run "make testall". IMPORTANT: If the tests fail and you decide to mail a bug report, *don't* include the output of "make test". It is useless. Run the failing test manually, as follows: ./python Lib/test/regrtest.py -v test_whatever (substituting the top of the source tree for '.' if you built in a different directory). This runs the test in verbose mode. Installing multiple versions ---------------------------- On Unix and Mac systems if you intend to install multiple versions of Python using the same installation prefix (--prefix argument to the configure script) you must take care that your primary python executable is not overwritten by the installation of a different version. All files and directories installed using "make altinstall" contain the major and minor version and can thus live side-by-side. "make install" also creates ${prefix}/bin/python3 which refers to ${prefix}/bin/pythonX.Y. If you intend to install multiple versions using the same prefix you must decide which version (if any) is your "primary" version. Install that version using "make install". Install all other versions using "make altinstall". For example, if you want to install Python 2.5, 2.6 and 3.0 with 2.6 being the primary version, you would execute "make install" in your 2.6 build directory and "make altinstall" in the others. Issue Tracker and Mailing List ------------------------------ We're soliciting bug reports about all aspects of the language. Fixes are also welcome, preferable in unified diff format. Please use the issue tracker: http://bugs.python.org/ If you're not sure whether you're dealing with a bug or a feature, use the mailing list: python-dev@python.org To subscribe to the list, use the mailman form: http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-dev/ Proposals for enhancement ------------------------- If you have a proposal to change Python, you may want to send an email to the comp.lang.python or python-ideas mailing lists for inital feedback. A Python Enhancement Proposal (PEP) may be submitted if your idea gains ground. All current PEPs, as well as guidelines for submitting a new PEP, are listed at http://www.python.org/dev/peps/. Release Schedule ---------------- See PEP 375 for release details: http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0375/ Copyright and License Information --------------------------------- Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved. Copyright (c) 2000 BeOpen.com. All rights reserved. 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