java语言中提供了4类程序控制语句,来描述流程:
1.循环语句:while,do-while,for
2.分支语句:if-else,switch,
3.跳转语句 break,continue,label: 和return
4.异常处理语句:try-catch-finally,throw
1.循环语句
while 语句
代码
class
While {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int n = 10 ;
while (n > 0 ) {
System.out.println( " tick " + n);
n -- ;
}
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
int n = 10 ;
while (n > 0 ) {
System.out.println( " tick " + n);
n -- ;
}
}
}
do…while 语句
代码
class
DoWhile {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int n = 10 ;
do {
System.out.println( " tick " + n);
n -- ;
} while (n > 0 );
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
int n = 10 ;
do {
System.out.println( " tick " + n);
n -- ;
} while (n > 0 );
}
}
二者区别,do…while至少循环一次,而while的表达式要是为flase的话可以一次也不循环。再通俗一点,do…while就算是括号里的是flase,人家最少也能do一次。
for语句
class
ForTick {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int n;
for (n = 10 ; n > 0 ; n -- )
System.out.println( " tick " + n);
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
int n;
for (n = 10 ; n > 0 ; n -- )
System.out.println( " tick " + n);
}
}
2.分支语句
if/else语句
代码
class
IfElse {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int month = 4 ; // April
String season;
if (month == 12 || month == 1 || month == 2 )
season = " Winter " ;
else if (month == 3 || month == 4 || month == 5 )
season = " Spring " ;
else if (month == 6 || month == 7 || month == 8 )
season = " Summer " ;
else if (month == 9 || month == 10 || month == 11 )
season = " Autumn " ;
else
season = " Bogus Month " ;
System.out.println( " April is in the " + season + " . " );
}
}
// 这段程序输出:
// April is in the Spring.
// 注意 “||”是或运算
public static void main(String args[]) {
int month = 4 ; // April
String season;
if (month == 12 || month == 1 || month == 2 )
season = " Winter " ;
else if (month == 3 || month == 4 || month == 5 )
season = " Spring " ;
else if (month == 6 || month == 7 || month == 8 )
season = " Summer " ;
else if (month == 9 || month == 10 || month == 11 )
season = " Autumn " ;
else
season = " Bogus Month " ;
System.out.println( " April is in the " + season + " . " );
}
}
// 这段程序输出:
// April is in the Spring.
// 注意 “||”是或运算
switch语句
代码
class
Switch {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int month = 4 ;
String season;
switch (month) {
case 12 :
case 1 :
case 2 :
season = " Winter " ;
break ;
case 3 :
case 4 :
case 5 :
season = " Spring " ;
break ;
case 6 :
case 7 :
case 8 :
season = " Summer " ;
break ;
case 9 :
case 10 :
case 11 :
season = " Autumn " ;
break ;
default :
season = " Bogus Month " ;
}
System.out.println( " April is in the " + season + " . " );
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
int month = 4 ;
String season;
switch (month) {
case 12 :
case 1 :
case 2 :
season = " Winter " ;
break ;
case 3 :
case 4 :
case 5 :
season = " Spring " ;
break ;
case 6 :
case 7 :
case 8 :
season = " Summer " ;
break ;
case 9 :
case 10 :
case 11 :
season = " Autumn " ;
break ;
default :
season = " Bogus Month " ;
}
System.out.println( " April is in the " + season + " . " );
}
}