LongAdder详解

LongAdder

add方法

public void add(long x) 
{
    Cell[] as; long b, v; int m; Cell a;
    if ((as = cells) != null || !casBase(b = base, b + x)) 
    {
        boolean uncontended = true;
        if (as == null || (m = as.length - 1) < 0 ||
            (a = as[getProbe() & m]) == null ||
            !(uncontended = a.cas(v = a.value, v + x)))
            longAccumulate(x, null, uncontended);
    }
}

casBase

 /**
 * CASes the base field.
 */
final boolean casBase(long cmp, long val) {
    return UNSAFE.compareAndSwapLong(this, BASE, cmp, val);
}

• 1、如果Celsl未初始化，则会调用casBase方法即使用cas对base进行修改，如果修改成功，则返回，如果没有修改成功(存在竞争)，则会进if判断里面.
• 2、如果存在竞争，修改不成功，LongAdder会尝试定位到其中的一个Cell，通过更新这个Cell的值来维护整体的value。

图片来源

longAccumulate方法

final void longAccumulate(long x, LongBinaryOperator fn,
                              boolean wasUncontended) {
    int h;
    if ((h = getProbe()) == 0) {
        ThreadLocalRandom.current(); // force initialization
        h = getProbe();
        wasUncontended = true;
    }
    boolean collide = false;                // True if last slot nonempty
    for (;;) {
        Cell[] as; Cell a; int n; long v;
        if ((as = cells) != null && (n = as.length) > 0) {
            if ((a = as[(n - 1) & h]) == null) {
                if (cellsBusy == 0) {       // Try to attach new Cell
                    Cell r = new Cell(x);   // Optimistically create
                    if (cellsBusy == 0 && casCellsBusy()) {
                        boolean created = false;
                        try {               // Recheck under lock
                            Cell[] rs; int m, j;
                            if ((rs = cells) != null &&
                                (m = rs.length) > 0 &&
                                rs[j = (m - 1) & h] == null) {
                                rs[j] = r;
                                created = true;
                            }
                        } finally {
                            cellsBusy = 0;
                        }
                        if (created)
                            break;
                        continue;           // Slot is now non-empty
                    }
                }
                collide = false;
            }
            else if (!wasUncontended)       // CAS already known to fail
                wasUncontended = true;      // Continue after rehash
            else if (a.cas(v = a.value, ((fn == null) ? v + x :
                                         fn.applyAsLong(v, x))))
                break;
            else if (n >= NCPU || cells != as)
                collide = false;            // At max size or stale
            else if (!collide)
                collide = true;
            else if (cellsBusy == 0 && casCellsBusy()) {
                try {
                    if (cells == as) {      // Expand table unless stale
                        Cell[] rs = new Cell[n << 1];
                        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
                            rs[i] = as[i];
                        cells = rs;
                    }
                } finally {
                    cellsBusy = 0;
                }
                collide = false;
                continue;                   // Retry with expanded table
            }
            h = advanceProbe(h);
        }
        else if (cellsBusy == 0 && cells == as && casCellsBusy()) {
            boolean init = false;
            try {                           // Initialize table
                if (cells == as) {
                    Cell[] rs = new Cell[2];
                    rs[h & 1] = new Cell(x);
                    cells = rs;
                    init = true;
                }
            } finally {
                cellsBusy = 0;
            }
            if (init)
                break;
        }
        else if (casBase(v = base, ((fn == null) ? v + x :
                                    fn.applyAsLong(v, x))))
            break;                          // Fall back on using base
    }
}

longAccumulate方法详解后面补充

总结

简单的讲:

• add 过程:
  首先对 base 进行修改
  修改失败,对 cells 进行初始化操作
  初始化完成, 判断当前线程所在 cell 是否为 null
  如果 为 null,则创建 ,不为 null,则进行修改 cell 的 value
  修改失败的话,准备对 cells 数组进行扩容,不是立马扩容的.
• 扩容的条件:(三个条件同时满足)
  当前线程的 cell 第一次修改失败
  “rehash” 后,换一个新的 cell 后还是失败
  且能够获取锁,对当前 cells 进行操作, 才进行扩容