Linux下oracle问题RACLE not availableORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist Linux-x86_64

linux Centos7安装的Oracle 11.2

管理员登录后,shutdown immediate报错,原因是没有启动实例

sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

解决方法:
第一步

#启动实例
[oracle@data2 ~]$ lsnrctl start
......
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
#查看实例
[oracle@data2 ~]$ lsnrctl status
.....
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

第二步

sqlplus / as sysdba
#启动oracle服务
SQL> startup 
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 2004267008 bytes
Fixed Size                  2214736 bytes
Variable Size            1140851888 bytes
Database Buffers          855638016 bytes
Redo Buffers                5562368 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
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