本文的参考资料:
spring cloud feign文档
方志明博客
Spring Cloud构建微服务架构(二)服务消费者
一、Feign简介
Feign是一个声明式的Web Service客户端,它使得编写Web Serivce客户端变得更加简单。我们只需要使用Feign来创建一个接口并用注解来配置它既可完成。它具备可插拔的注解支持,包括Feign注解和JAX-RS注解。Feign也支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Spring Cloud为Feign增加了对Spring MVC注解的支持,还整合了Ribbon和Eureka来提供均衡负载的HTTP客户端实现。
下面,通过一个例子来展现Feign如何方便的声明对上述computer-service服务的定义和调用。
二、准备工作
- 启动服务注册中心Eureka-server工程
- 启动服务提供方eureka-client
- 将eureka-client的端口号修改为 8763,再启动一个服务
此时有eureka-client有两个服务在运行:
三、创建消费者
创建一个Spring Boot工程,配置pom.xml,具体如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.orange</groupId>
<artifactId>feign</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>feign</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Feign</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Dalston.SR4</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
在应用主类中通过@EnableFeignClients注解开启Feign功能:
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication
public class FeignApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(FeignApplication.class, args);
}
}
定义一个feign接口,通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了eureka-client服务的“/hello”接口,代码如下:
/**
* 通过@ FeignClient(“服务名”),来指定调用哪个服务。比如在代码中调用了eureka-client服务的“/hello”接口
*/
@FeignClient(value = "eureka-client")
public interface HelloService {
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.GET)
String sayHelloFromClientOne();
}
在Web层的controller层,对外暴露一个”/hello”的API接口,通过上面定义的Feign客户端HelloService 来消费服务。代码如下:
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
HelloService service;
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String sayHello() {
return service.sayHelloFromClientOne();
}
}
application.properties
,指定eureka服务注册中心即可,如:
spring.application.name=feign-consumer
server.port=8765
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/
启动该应用,访问http://localhost:8765/hello,页面交替出现
This is a Eureka client, from port: 8762
This is a Eureka client, from port: 8763
源码
https://gitee.com/tianqian/Springcloudlearn/tree/master/Chapter3