php数组高级用法,PHP数组的进阶用法

对于数组的基本操作，可参考PHP数组的相关操作

array_filter()过滤数组元素

array_filter()可以利用回调函数挨个过滤数组中的值，如果回调函数的返回值为true，当前值就会保留到结果数组中，键名保持不变。

array array_filter ( array $array[, [callable]$callback[, int $flag = 0 ]] )

$array//迭代的数组

$callback//回调函数

$flag//定义哪个变量应用于回调函数，ARRAY_FILTER_USE_KEY和ARRAY_FILTER_USE_BOTH

//example1：筛选奇数

function odd($var)

{

// 判断书否是奇数，和1作位运算

return ($var & 1);

}

$array1 = array("a" => 1, "b" => 2, "c" => 3, "d" => 4, "e" => 5);

print_r(array_filter($array1, "odd"));//['a'=>1,'c'=>3,'e'=>5]

//example2：无回调函数，过滤空值

$entry = array(

0 => 'hello',

1 => false,

2 => -1,

3 => null,

4 => ''

);

print_r(array_filter($entry));//[0=>'hello',2=>-1]

//example3：带flag参数

$arr = ['a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3, 'd' => 4];

var_dump(array_filter($arr, function ($k) {

return $k == 'b';

}, ARRAY_FILTER_USE_KEY));//['b'=>2]

var_dump(array_filter($arr, function ($v, $k) {

return $k == 'b' || $v == 4;

}, ARRAY_FILTER_USE_BOTH));//['b'=>2,'d'=>4]

array_walk()对数组中的元素应用用户自定义的函数

array_walk()可以将数组每个元素应用于自己定义的回调函数，如果成功则返回true，否则返回false。

bool array_walk ( array &$array , callable $callback [, mixed $userdata = NULL ] )

$array//数组

$callback//用户定义的回调函数，参数是键名和键值

$userdata//自定义的参数

//example1

function myfunction($value, $key)

{

echo "The key $key has the value $value";

}

$a = array("a" => "red", "b" => "green", "c" => "blue");

array_walk($a, "myfunction");//The key a has the value red...

//example2：自定义函数中的第一个参数指定为引用&$value，改变数组元素的值

function myfunction(&$value,$key)

{

$value="yellow";

}

$a=array("a"=>"red","b"=>"green","c"=>"blue");

array_walk($a,"myfunction");

print_r($a);//['a'=>'yellow','b'=>'yellow','c'=>'yellow']

//example3：增加自定义参数

$fruits = array("d" => "lemon", "a" => "orange", "b" => "banana", "c" => "apple");

function test_alter(&$item, $key, $prefix)

{

$item = "$prefix: $item";

}

array_walk($fruits, 'test_alter', 'fruit');//['d'=>'fruit: lemon','a'=>'fruit: orange','b'=>'fruit: banana','c'=>'fruit: apple']

未完，待补充......