python 列表拆分_Python：根据条件拆分列表？

以下是懒惰迭代器方法：from itertools import teedef split_on_condition(seq, condition):

l1, l2 = tee((condition(item), item) for item in seq)

return (i for p, i in l1 if p), (i for p, i in l2 if not p)

它每项计算一次条件，并返回两个生成器，首先从条件为真的序列中产生值，另一个生成条件为false的序列。

因为它很懒，所以您可以在任何迭代器上使用它，甚至是无限迭代器：from itertools import count, islicedef is_prime(n):

return n > 1 and all(n % i for i in xrange(2, n))primes, not_primes = split_on_condition(count(), is_prime)

print("First 10 primes", list(islice(primes, 10)))print("First 10 non-primes", list(islice(not_primes, 10)))

通常情况下，非延迟列表返回方法更好：def split_on_condition(seq, condition):

a, b = [], []

for item in seq:

(a if condition(item) else b).append(item)

return a, b

编辑：对于通过某些键将项拆分为不同列表的更具体的用法，下面是一个通用函数：DROP_VALUE = lambda _:_def split_by_key(seq, resultmapping, keyfunc, default=DROP_VALUE):

"""Split a sequence into lists based on a key function.

seq - input sequence

resultmapping - a dictionary that maps from target lists to keys that go to that list

keyfunc - function to calculate the key of an input value

default - the target where items that don't have a corresponding key go, by default they are dropped

"""

result_lists = dict((key, []) for key in resultmapping)

appenders = dict((key, result_lists[target].append) for target, keys in resultmapping.items() for key in keys)

if default is not DROP_VALUE:

result_lists.setdefault(default, [])

default_action = result_lists[default].append else:

default_action = DROP_VALUE for item in seq:

appenders.get(keyfunc(item), default_action)(item)

return result_lists

用法：def file_extension(f):

return f[2].lower()split_files = split_by_key(files, {'images': IMAGE_TYPES}, keyfunc=file_extension, default='anims')

print split_files['images']print split_files['anims']