python pandas 聚合与分组函数

1 主要内容

1. DataFrame.groupby().sum()
2. DataFrame.groupby().agg()
3. pandas.concat([DataFrame1,DataFrame2])
4. pandas.merge(DataFrame1,DataFrame2,parameters….)
5. DataFrame1.join(DataFrame2,lsuffix=’列名 on DataFrame1’,rsuffix=’列名 on DataFrame2’)
6. 帮助文档的获取

2 实例

1. 构造dataframe如下所示：

       food  food_id  number     price  user_id weather
0       soup        4       6  1.818250        3    cold
1       soup        8       6  1.834045        4     hot
2    iceream        8       7  3.042422        2    cold
3  chocolate        3       6  5.247564        4     hot
4    iceream        6       3  4.319450        4    cold
5    iceream        5       4  2.912291        1    cold
6    iceream        2       7  6.118529        2    cold
7       soup        8       4  1.394939        2     hot
8       soup        6       8  2.921446        2     hot
9  chocolate        2       1  3.663618        4     hot

实现程序如下所示：

import pandas as pd
from numpy import random
from numpy.random import rand
import numpy as np

random.seed(42)

df = pd.DataFrame({'user_id':random.randint(0,6,10),'food_id':random.randint(1,10,10),
'weather':['cold','hot','cold','hot','cold','cold','cold','hot','hot','hot'],
'food':['soup','soup','iceream','chocolate','iceream','iceream','iceream','soup','soup','chocolate'],
'price':10 * rand(10),'number':random.randint(1,9,10)}) 

print df

2 groupby函数应用 

代码

groupby1 = df.groupby(['user_id'])  #按照user_id分组输出所有的值
i = 0
for user_id,group in groupby1:
    i = i + 1
    print "group", i , user_id
    print group

结果

group 1 1
      food  food_id  number     price  user_id weather
5  iceream        5       4  2.912291        1    cold
group 2 2
      food  food_id  number     price  user_id weather
2  iceream        8       7  3.042422        2    cold
6  iceream        2       7  6.118529        2    cold
7     soup        8       4  1.394939        2     hot
8     soup        6       8  2.921446        2     hot
group 3 3
   food  food_id  number    price  user_id weather
0  soup        4       6  1.81825        3    cold
group 4 4
        food  food_id  number     price  user_id weather
1       soup        8       6  1.834045        4     hot
3  chocolate        3       6  5.247564        4     hot
4    iceream        6       3  4.319450        4    cold
9  chocolate        2       1  3.663618        4     hot

3 groupby和sum等函数结合使用 

代码

print(groupby1.sum())#对除了groupby索引以外的每个数值列进行求和 
print(groupby1['food_id','number'].sum()) #对除了groupby索引以外的特定数值列进行求和 
print(df.groupby(['user_id'],as_index=False).sum())#默认as_index=True,是否将user_id当做索引，默认是
#当然除了sum，还有mean，min，max，median，mode，std,mad等等，操作方法同理
#groupby()中的形参可用help(df.groupby)来查看
#常用的参数axis=0，表示对行进行操作，即指定列中不同值进行分组；axis=1，表示对列进行分组

output[1]:
  food_id  number      price
user_id                            
1              5       4   2.912291
2             24      26  13.477336
3              4       6   1.818250
4             19      16  15.064678
output[2]:
         food_id  number
user_id                 
1              5       4
2             24      26
3              4       6
4             19      16
output[3]:
   user_id  food_id  number      price
0        1        5       4   2.912291
1        2       24      26  13.477336
2        3        4       6   1.818250
3        4       19      16  15.064678

df.groupby(['food','weather']).size()

food       weather
chocolate  hot        2
iceream    cold       4
soup       cold       1
           hot        3
dtype: int64

4 agg函数 
代码

print df.groupby(['weather','food']).agg([np.mean,np.median])

结果

 output[4]: 
                   food_id        number            price            \

                   user_id         
                       mean median  
weather food                        
cold    iceream    2.250000      2  
        soup       3.000000      3  
hot     chocolate  4.000000      4  
        soup       2.666667      2  

mean median mean median mean median weather food cold iceream 5.250000 5.5 5.25 5.5 4.098173 3.680936 soup 4.000000 4.0 6.00 6.0 1.818250 1.818250 hot chocolate 2.500000 2.5 3.50 3.5 4.455591 4.455591 soup 7.333333 8.0 6.00 6.0 2.050143 1.834045 

5 concat() 

代码

print "df :3\n",df[:3]
print "df :4\n",df[6:]
print pd.concat([df[:3],df[6:]],axis=0)

结果

df :3
      food  food_id  number     price  user_id weather
0     soup        4       6  1.818250        3    cold
1     soup        8       6  1.834045        4     hot
2  iceream        8       7  3.042422        2    cold
df :4
        food  food_id  number     price  user_id weather
6    iceream        2       7  6.118529        2    cold
7       soup        8       4  1.394939        2     hot
8       soup        6       8  2.921446        2     hot
9  chocolate        2       1  3.663618        4     hot
df.concat
        food  food_id  number     price  user_id weather
0       soup        4       6  1.818250        3    cold
1       soup        8       6  1.834045        4     hot
2    iceream        8       7  3.042422        2    cold
6    iceream        2       7  6.118529        2    cold
7       soup        8       4  1.394939        2     hot
8       soup        6       8  2.921446        2     hot
9  chocolate        2       1  3.663618        4     hot

6 merge()和join() 
代码

df1=pd.DataFrame({'EmpNr':[5,3,9],'Dest':['The Hague','Amsterdam','Rotterdam']})
df2=pd.DataFrame({'EmpNr':[5,9,7],'Amount':[10,5,2.5]})

print "df1\n",df1
print "df2\n",df2
print "Merge() on Key\n",pd.merge(df1,df2,on='EmpNr')
print "inner join with Merge()\n",pd.merge(df1,df2,how='inner')
print "Dests join tips\n",df1.join(df2,lsuffix='Dest',rsuffix='Tips')

结果

df1
        Dest  EmpNr
0  The Hague      5
1  Amsterdam      3
2  Rotterdam      9
df2
   Amount  EmpNr
0    10.0      5
1     5.0      9
2     2.5      7
Merge() on Key
        Dest  EmpNr  Amount
0  The Hague      5    10.0
1  Rotterdam      9     5.0
inner join with Merge()
        Dest  EmpNr  Amount
0  The Hague      5    10.0
1  Rotterdam      9     5.0
Dests join tips
        Dest  EmpNrDest  Amount  EmpNrTips
0  The Hague          5    10.0          5
1  Amsterdam          3     5.0          9
2  Rotterdam          9     2.5          7

6帮助文档获取方式

1.help(pd.concat)
2.dir(pd.concat)
3.pd.concat?
...

7 参考文献 
利用python进行数据分析笔记 

python数据分析，Ivan Idris著

本文为转载文章，原文出处：https://blog.csdn.net/ly_ysys629/article/details/72553273