python md5计算_如何在Python中计算文件的md5校验和？

I have made a code in python that checks for an md5 in a file and makes sure the md5 matches that of the original. Here is what I have developed:

#Defines filename

filename = "file.exe"

#Gets MD5 from file

def getmd5(filename):

return m.hexdigest()

md5 = dict()

for fname in filename:

md5[fname] = getmd5(fname)

#If statement for alerting the user whether the checksum passed or failed

if md5 == '>md5 will go here

print("MD5 Checksum passed. You may now close this window")

input ("press enter")

else:

print("MD5 Checksum failed. Incorrect MD5 in file 'filename'. Please download a new copy")

input("press enter")

exit

But whenever I run the code, I get the following:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "C:\Users\Username\md5check.py", line 13, in

md5[fname] = getmd5(fname)

File "C:\Users\Username\md5check.py, line 9, in getmd5

return m.hexdigest()

NameError: global name 'm' is not defined

Is there anything I am missing in my code?

解决方案

In regards to your error and what's missing in your code. m is a name which is not defined for getmd5() function. No offence, I know you are a beginner, but your code is all over the place. Let's look at your issues one by one :) First off, you are not using hashlib.md5.hexdigest() method correctly. Please find explanation on hashlib functions Python Doc Library. The correct way to return MD5 for provided string is to do something like this:

>>> import hashlib

>>> hashlib.md5("filename.exe").hexdigest()

'2a53375ff139d9837e93a38a279d63e5'

However, you have a bigger problem here. You are calculating MD5 on a file name string, where in reality MD5 is calculated based on file contents. You will need to basically read file contents and pipe it though MD5. My next example is not very efficient, but something like this:

>>> import hashlib

>>> hashlib.md5(open('filename.exe','rb').read()).hexdigest()

'd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e'

As you can clearly see second MD5 hash is totally different from the first one. The reason for that is that we are pushing contents of the file through, not just file name. A simple solution could be something like that:

# Import hashlib library (md5 method is part of it)

import hashlib

# File to check

file_name = 'filename.exe'

# Correct original md5 goes here

original_md5 = '5d41402abc4b2a76b9719d911017c592'

# Open,close, read file and calculate MD5 on its contents

with open(file_name) as file_to_check:

# read contents of the file

data = file_to_check.read()

# pipe contents of the file through

md5_returned = hashlib.md5(data).hexdigest()

# Finally compare original MD5 with freshly calculated

if original_md5 == md5_returned:

print "MD5 verified."

else:

print "MD5 verification failed!."

Please look at the post

Best of luck.