python魔法函数是什么_【Python】Python魔法函数

1.什么是魔法函数

class Company(object):

def __init__(self, employee_list):

self.employee = employee_list

def __getitem__(self, item):

return self.employee[item]

company = Company(["Tom", "Jerry", "Bob"])

# 没有__getitem__时，通过这种方式遍历Company类中的employee

for em in company.employee:

print(em)

# 自定义__getitem__后，Company变为可迭代对象

for em in company:

print(em)

2.Python的数据模型以及数据模型对Python的影响

class Company(object):

def __init__(self, employee_list):

self.employee = employee_list

def __getitem__(self, item):

return self.employee[item]

def __len__(self):

return len(self.employee)

company = Company(["Tom", "Jerry", "Bob"])

# 不定义__len__是无法使用len()的

print(len(company))

3.Python魔法函数一览(个别说明)

3.1非数学运算

字符串表示__repr__、__str__

__str__：对对象进行字符串格式化

class Company(object):

def __init__(self, employee_list):

self.employee = employee_list

company = Company(["Tom", "Jerry", "Bob"])

print(company) # 在Python解释器中会隐含调用str,即print(str(company))

class Company(object):

def __init__(self, employee_list):

self.employee = employee_list

def __str__(self):

return ','.join(self.employee)

company = Company(["Tom", "Jerry", "Bob"])

print(company)

__repr__:开发模式才会用到

class Company(object):

def __init__(self, employee_list):

self.employee = employee_list

company = Company(["Tom", "Jerry", "Bob"])

company # 在Python解释器中会隐含调用repr,即repr(company),在Python内部为company.__repr__()

class Company(object):

def __init__(self, employee_list):

self.employee = employee_list

def __repr__(self):

return ','.join(self.employee)

company = Company(["Tom", "Jerry", "Bob"])

company

3.2数学运算

pass