php 条件表达是,Javascript三种条件表达的写法的特点及用法实例详解

三种条件表达的写法的特点及用处进行了总结归纳，简述如下：

1. if...else结构

// Set r to 0 or 1

var r= Math.floor(2*Math.random())

// Set a, b and c to "small" if r==0 an else set them to "big"

// using three different techniques

// Method 1: If else

var a; if (r==0){a = "small"} else {a = "big"};

// Method 2: Conditional operator

var b = r==0 ? "small" : "big";

// Method 3: And/or operators

var c = r==0 && "small" || "big";

// Check the values of our variables

alert(r+" "+a+" "+b+" "+c);

2. if...else if...else结构

// Set r to 0,1,2 or 3

var r= Math.floor(4*Math.random())

// Set a, b and c to "nada","small","big" and "huge"

// depending on the value or r using three different techniques

// Method 1: If.. else if... else

var a;

if (r==0){a="nada"}

else if (r==1){a="small"}

else if (r==2){a="big"}

else {a="huge"};

// Method 2: Conditional operators

var b =

r==0 ? "nada"

: r==1 ? "small"

: r==2 ? "big"

: "huge";

// Method 3: And/or operators

var c =

r==0 && "nada"

|| r==1 && "small"

|| r==2 && "big"

|| "huge";

// Check the values of our variables

alert(r+" "+a+" "+b+" "+c);

3. 执行函数

// Set r to 0,1,2 or 3

var r= Math.floor(4*Math.random())

// The global variable x and our four functions

var x="";

nada=function(){x+="Nada! "};

small=function(){x+="Small! "};

big=function(){x+="Big! "};

huge=function(){x+="Huge! "};

// Call a specific function depending on the value of r

// using three different techniques

// Method 1: If.. else if... else

if (r==0){nada()}

else if (r==1){small()}

else if (r==2){big()}

else {huge()};

// Method 2: Conditional operators

r==0 ? nada()

: r==1 ? small()

: r==2 ? big()

: huge();

// Method 3: And/or operators

r==0 && (nada() || true) //nada()函数不一定返回true，为了保证后续的逻辑或||判断不被执行，需要返回true值，下同

|| r==1 && (small() || true)

|| r==2 && (big() || true)

|| huge();

// Check the values of our variables

alert(r+" "+x);

4. 执行代码

// Set r to 0,1,2 or 3

var r= Math.floor(4*Math.random())

// The global variable x

var x="";

// Executing different code depending on the value of r

// using three different techniques

// Method 1: If.. else if... else

if (r==0){x+="Nada! "}

else if (r==1){x+="Small! "}

else if (r==2){x+="Big! "}

else {x+="Huge! "};

// Method 2: Conditional operators

r==0 ? function(){x+="Nada! "}()

: r==1 ? function(){x+="Small! "}()

: r==2 ? function(){x+="Big! "}()

: function(){x+="Huge! "}();

// Method 3: And/or operators

r==0 && (function(){x+="Nada! "}() || true)

//有人在评论中指出这里的匿名函数是不必需的，在只有一条可执行代码时是这样的，但是如果有多条代码需要执行，匿名函数还是不错的

|| r==1 && (function(){x+="Small! "}() || true)

|| r==2 && (function(){x+="Big! "}() || true)

|| function(){x+="Huge! "}();

// Check the values of our variables

alert(r+" "+x);

在只存在两种条件的判断中，用if...else或?:都是相当直白，而&&和||的运算方式就稍嫌复杂。但是其实只要明白以下两个基本原则，所有问题都会迎刃而解了：

其一、当用逻辑与&&和逻辑或||运算符运算时，方向都是自左向右的，&&运算到第一个值为false的条件(或可转换为false的值，如null/undefined/0/""/NaN等)时停止，而运算到第一个值为true的条件(或可转换为true的值)时停止；整个条件返回的值是最后检测的条件的值，不一定只是true/false。

其二、逻辑与&&运算符较逻辑或运算符相比，前者有更高的优先级。