python如何检测和处理异常_Python中的异常处理

Python 2.4.4 (#2, Apr 5 2007, 20:11:18)

[GCC 4.1.2 20061115 (prerelease) (Debian 4.1.1-21)] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import exceptions

>>> print exceptions.__doc__

Python's standard exception class hierarchy.

Before Python 1.5, the standard exceptions were all simple string objects.

In Python 1.5, the standard exceptions were converted to classes organized

into a relatively flat hierarchy. String-based standard exceptions were

optional, or used as a fallback if some problem occurred while importing

the exception module. With Python 1.6, optional string-based standard

exceptions were removed (along with the -X command line flag).

The class exceptions were implemented in such a way as to be almost

completely backward compatible. Some tricky uses of IOError could

potentially have broken, but by Python 1.6, all of these should have

been fixed. As of Python 1.6, the class-based standard exceptions are

now implemented in C, and are guaranteed to exist in the Python

interpreter.

Here is a rundown of the class hierarchy. The classes found here are

inserted into both the exceptions module and the `built-in' module. It is

recommended that user defined class based exceptions be derived from the

`Exception' class, although this is currently not enforced.

Exception

|

+-- SystemExit

+-- StopIteration

+-- StandardError

| |

| +-- KeyboardInterrupt

| +-- ImportError

| +-- EnvironmentError

| | |

| | +-- IOError

| | +-- OSError

| | |

| | +-- WindowsError

| | +-- VMSError

| |

| +-- EOFError

| +-- RuntimeError

| | |

| | +-- NotImplementedError

| |

| +-- NameError

| | |

| | +-- UnboundLocalError

| |

| +-- AttributeError

| +-- SyntaxError

| | |

| | +-- IndentationError

| | |

| | +-- TabError

| |

| +-- TypeError

| +-- AssertionError

| +-- LookupError

| | |

| | +-- IndexError

| | +-- KeyError

| |

| +-- ArithmeticError

| | |

| | +-- OverflowError

| | +-- ZeroDivisionError

| | +-- FloatingPointError

| |

| +-- ValueError

| | |

| | +-- UnicodeError

| | |

| | +-- UnicodeEncodeError

| | +-- UnicodeDecodeError

| | +-- UnicodeTranslateError

| |

| +-- ReferenceError

| +-- SystemError

| +-- MemoryError

|

+---Warning

|

+-- UserWarning

+-- DeprecationWarning

+-- PendingDeprecationWarning

+-- SyntaxWarning

+-- OverflowWarning

+-- RuntimeWarning

+-- FutureWarning

>>>