linux内核oops错误码说明,Linux Kernel Oops异常分析

0．linux内核异常常用分析方法

异常地址是否在0附近，确认是否是空指针解引用问题

异常地址是否在iomem映射区，确认是否是设备访问总线异常问题，如PCI异常导致的地址访问异常

异常地址是否在stack附近，如果相邻，要考虑是否被踩

比较delay reset/nmi watchdog等多种机制打印的栈信息，看看pc是否在动，确定是否是死锁

用SysRq判断是真死还是假死

通过反汇编获得发生异常的C代码段和函数，查找开源社区是否已有补丁修复

下面分别通过PowerPC和Mips64的2个异常例子详细讲解分析过程。

1．PowerPC小系统内核异常分析

1.1  异常打印

Unable to handle kernel paging request for data at address 0x36fef31e

Faulting instruction address: 0xc0088b8c

Oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1]

PREEMPT SMP NR_CPUS=2

Modules linked in: ossmod tipc ohci_hcd ehci_hcd cmm uart1655x bcm334 bootflash mtdchar bsp_flash_init boardctrl 85xx_debug util

NIP: C0088B8C LR: C0088CF8 CTR: 00000000

REGS: ce283e20 TRAP: 0300 Not tainted (2.6.21.7-EMBSYS-CGEL-3.04.10.P6.F5)

MSR: 00021000 CR: 22004222 XER: 00000000

DAR: 36FEF31E, DSISR: 00800000

TASK = cffdf180[26] 'events/1' THREAD: ce282000 CPU: 1

GPR00: 00100100 CE283ED0 CFFDF180 CF528000 C09EA500 EFFEAD20 CF5188A0 00000000

GPR08: CF5188BC 00200200 36FEF31E D1FD7F9E 22004222 1010DA44 00000290 00000000

GPR16: 1011C858 100147F4 BF9BC9C4 10100000 00000001 C0460000 C06454CC 00000000

GPR24: C0640000 CE282000 C0640000 00000005 00000000 00000000 EFFE8EC0 CFFED958

NIP [C0088B8C] free_block+0xc4/0x16c

LR [C0088CF8] drain_array+0xc4/0x100

Pass 2: Checking directory structure

Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity

Pass 4: Checking reference counts

Call Trace:

[CE283ED0] [C06ABEC0] 0xc06abec0(unreliable)

[CE283EF0] [C0088CF8] drain_array+0xc4/0x100

[CE283F10] [C008A70C] cache_reap+0x94/0x13c

[CE283F30] [C003DA2C] run_workqueue+0xc4/0x198

[CE283F60] [C003E6D4] worker_thread+0x130/0x154

[CE283FB0] [C0042E80] kthread+0xd4/0x110

[CE283FF0] [C0011A70] original_kernel_thread+0x44/0x60

Instruction dump:

5400cffe 0f000000 80c4001c 7d1cf214 3c000010 3d200020 80a8001c 60000100

81660000 61290200 81460004 3906001c <916a0000> 914b0004 90060000 91260004

------------[ cut here ]------------

Badness at c0011e4c [verbose debug info unavailable]

Call Trace:

[CE283C50] [C00080BC] show_stack+0x3c/0x1a0 (unreliable)

[CE283C80] [C018EA28] report_bug+0xb0/0xb8

[CE283C90] [C000EC94] program_check_exception+0xcc/0x4f8

[CE283CD0] [C0010BE4] ret_from_except_full+0x0/0x4c

[CE283D90] [C0640000] 0xc0640000

[CE283DD0] [C000E61C] die+0x1f0/0x27c

[CE283E00] [C0014B18] bad_page_fault+0x98/0xe8

[CE283E10] [C0010A88] handle_page_fault+0x7c/0x80

[CE283ED0] [C06ABEC0] 0xc06abec0

[CE283EF0] [C0088CF8] drain_array+0xc4/0x100

[CE283F10] [C008A70C] cache_reap+0x94/0x13c

[CE283F30] [C003DA2C] run_workqueue+0xc4/0x198

[CE283F60] [C003E6D4] worker_thread+0x130/0x154

[CE283FB0] [C0042E80] kthread+0xd4/0x110

[CE283FF0] [C0011A70] original_kernel_thread+0x44/0x60

1.2  Oops分析

Oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1]

异常分类

Oops：内核态指令异常；

BUG：内核检测到逻辑异常(类似于assert)，会影响内核的后续运行；

WARNING：类似于BUG，但是不会影响内核的后续运行；

PANIC：类似于BUG，系统不能继续运行，直接挂起或重启；

SOFTLOCK：长时间任务得不到调度；

异常信号

Signal

Code

Default Action

Description

SIGABRT

6

A

Process abort signal

SIGALRM

14

T

Alarm clock

SIGBUS

10

A

Access to an undefined portion of a memory object

SIGCHLD

18

I - Ignore the Signal

Child process terminated, stopped,

SIGCONT

25

C - Continue the process

Continue executing, if stopped.

SIGFPE

8

A

Erroneous arithmetic operation.

SIGHUP

1

T

Hangup.

SIGILL

4

A

Illegal instruction.

SIGINT

2

T

Terminal interrupt signal.

SIGKILL

9

T

Kill (cannot be caught or ignored).

SIGPIPE

13

T - Abnormal termination of the process

Write on a pipe with no one to read it.

SIGQUIT

3

A - Abnormal termination of the process

Termina