java对数据库的操作_java对数据库的操作（jdbc）

Java通过JDBC对数据库的连接操作其通用操作为：

String username;

String password;

String databaseURL;

Class.forName("JDBCDriverClass");

Connection connection=DriverManager.getConnection(databaseURL,username,password);

MySQL 连接：

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection connection=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/databasename", "root", " ");

SQLServer连接 ：

Class.forName('com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver');

String url='jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=databasename';

String user='sa';

String password='' ";

Connection conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);

Access(通过JDBC-ODBC桥)连接：Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");

Connection connection=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:DataSource", "username", "password");

Oracle连接 :

Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");

Connection connection=DriverManager.getConnectio("jdbc:oracle:thin:@hostname:port#:oracleDBSID", "0", "0");

创建语句：

Statement statement=connection.createStatement();

执行插入更新等：int count=statement.executeUpdate("create table/insert into/update/delete..."); 返回影响的行数。

执行查询语句：ResultSet resultset=statement.executeQury("select..."); 返回ResultSet。

处理结果(ResultSet的处理)：

while(resultset.next()){

...

resultset.getString/getInt/getDouble...(列序号);   如resultset.getString(1),resultset.getDouble(3)... 列序号

从1开始,第一列为1，第二列为2...

resultset.getString/getInt/getDouble...("列名");    如resultset.getString("SName"),resultset.getInt("S#")...

...

}

批处理：

statement.addBatch("insert into ...");

statement.addBatch("create table...");

statement.addBatch("update...");

...

int count[ ]=statement.executeBatch();   返回影响行数的数组。

预处理语句：

预处理语句接口PreparedStatement是Statement的接口拓展。

PreparedStatement/Statement pstmt=connection.prepareStatement("insert into student(S#,SName,Age,Sex)"

values(?,?,?,?));

其中？为占位符，占位符位置从1开始，第一个？为第一位，的二个？为第二位...

占位符参数的设置为：pstmt.setX(int index,X value); index为？的索引，X为参数类型如String,int ,double等等。

对上述创建的预处理语句执行如下：

pstmt.setInt(1,0755010100);

pstmt.setString(2,"jack");

pstem.setInt(3,20);

pstmt.setString(4,"man");

int count=pstmt.executeUpdate();

对MySQL的连接例子：package JDBC;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.sql.Statement;

public class MySQLJdbcDemo {

public static void main(String[] args){

MySQLJdbcDemo demo=new MySQLJdbcDemo();

}

private Connection connection;

private Statement statement;

private ResultSet resultset;

private PreparedStatement pstmt;

public MySQLJdbcDemo() {

try {

//数据库的连接

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

connection=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test",

"root", "000000");    //语句块与预处理语句块的定义       statement=connection.createStatement();       pstmt=connection.prepareStatement("select * from student where sex=?");             //结果的处理    resultset=statement.executeQuery("select * from student");    while(resultset.next()){     System.out.print(resultset.getString(1)+" ");     System.out.print(resultset.getString("name")+" ");     System.out.print(resultset.getInt(3)+" ");     System.out.print(resultset.getString("sex")+"\t");    }        //批处理    statement.addBatch("insert into student values(0755010137,'DDL',21,'m')");    statement.addBatch("insert into student values(0755010101,'XWL',22,'m')");    statement.executeBatch();        //预处理语句    pstmt.setString(1, "m");    resultset=pstmt.executeQuery();    while(resultset.next()){     System.out.print(resultset.getString(1)+" ");     System.out.print(resultset.getString("name")+" ");     System.out.print(resultset.getInt(3)+" ");     System.out.print(resultset.getString("sex")+"\t");    }        pstmt.setString(1, "w");    resultset=pstmt.executeQuery();    while(resultset.next()){     System.out.print(resultset.getString(1)+" ");     System.out.print(resultset.getString("name")+" ");     System.out.print(resultset.getInt(3)+" ");     System.out.print(resultset.getString("sex")+"\t");    }       } catch (SQLException e) {    System.out.println("SQLException");   } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {    System.out.println("ClassNotFoundException");   }     } }